OBJECTIVES 1. Create correctly sized connectivity cabling. 2. Demonstrate proper crimping techniques for attaching crimp connectors to cabling. 3. Configure and properly connect a hand held multimeter to perform voltage measurements in a circuit. 4. Configure and properly connect a hand held multimeter to perform resistance and continuity measurements in a circuit – including circuit preparations associated with taking these measurements. 5. Configure and properly connect a hand held multimeter to perform current flow measurements in a circuit – including circuit preparations associated with taking these measurements. 6. Identify common color code for crimp connectors designed to work with different AWG wire sizes. 7. Determine the capabilities of DC sources created by wiring multiple voltage sources in series with each other. 8. Determine the capabilities of DC sources created by wiring multiple voltage sources in parallel with each other. (continued)

OBJECTIVES (CONTINUED) 9. Describe how power consumption is different in AC and DC circuits. 10. Determine which type of power rating is used to determine wire sizes and fusing values for AC circuits. 11. Employ Ohms Law to determine the level of current flowing in a circuit given supply voltage and load resistance. 12. Given a load device with resistance and current requirements, use Ohms Law to determine the size of the voltage source required to meet the specifications.

RESOURCES 1. Crimp connectors 2. 18 AWG wire (red and black) 3. Crimp tool 4. 12V Battery Battery Pack (4) 5. Hand-Held Digital multimeter 6. Marcraft GT-1000 Solar PV Technology Panel

Figure 1-1: Proper Insertion of a Crimp Connector into the Crimp Tool

Figure 1-2: The Internal Metal Seam in the Crimp Connector

Crimp connectors are color coded according to the wire gauge they are designed to work with. Common crimp connector color codes are: Wire sizes between AWG#22 and AWG#18 use Red connectors Wire size between AWG#16 to AWG#14 use Blue connectors Wire size between AWG#12 to AWG#10 use Yellow connectors

Figure 1-3: Stripping Wire with Squeeze-Handle or Pliers-Style Strippers

NOTE Pliers-style strippers provide one fixed position for each wire gauge.

Figure 1-4: Crimping the Female Spade Connector

Figure 1-5: Completed Wiring Harnesses

CAUTION Be sure not to connect the wires to the battery until everything else has been completed and you are instructed to do so in this procedure.

Figure 1-6: Identifying Batteries

Figure 1-7: Connecting Batteries in Series

Figure 1-8: Connecting Batteries in Parallel

Figure 1-9: Two Sets of Series Connected Batteries

Figure 1-10: Connecting Batteries in Series/Parallel

WARNING Power off - Unlike the voltage check, resistance checks are always made with power removed from the system.

Figure 1-11: Meter Leads Set for Measuring Continuity

Figure 1-12: Meter Leads Set for Measuring Continuity

Figure 1-13: Measuring Resistance of the Diverter Overflow Light

Figure 1-14: Measuring Current

Figure 1-15: Connecting the Red Battery Wire

Figure 1-16: Connecting the Series/Parallel Battery Wiring Scheme

LAB QUESTIONS 1 What type of tool should be used for crimping single conductor, multi-strand wiring below AWG10?

LAB QUESTIONS 2 What is the proper method for creating a crimp connection?

LAB QUESTIONS 3 What is the result of inserting a crimp connector into the crimp tool facing the wrong way?

LAB QUESTIONS 4 What color are crimp connectors designed for use on wire sizes from AWG#16 to AWG#14?

LAB QUESTIONS 5 What should be done to keep any stray strands together in a neat, orderly fashion?

LAB QUESTIONS 6 How many batteries are used in this procedure, and what are their voltage values?

LAB QUESTIONS 7 What should the multimeter setting be in order to measure the voltage level of each battery?

LAB QUESTIONS 8 What was the total voltage measured across battery #1 and battery #2 connected in series?

LAB QUESTIONS 9 What was the total voltage measured across battery #3 and battery #4 connected in parallel?

LAB QUESTIONS 10 What was the total voltage measured across battery #1/#3 and battery #2/#4 connected in series/parallel?

LAB QUESTIONS 11 What is another name for the measurement of resistance?

LAB QUESTIONS 12 Why must resistance measurements be conducted only after power to the circuit under test has been removed?

LAB QUESTIONS 13 What must be done to electrically isolate the component being tested for continuity from the system?

LAB QUESTIONS 14 What is the resistance reading for a bad fuse?

LAB QUESTIONS 15 What is the proper range setting for a multimeter being used to check continuity?

LAB QUESTIONS 16 When measuring current, how must the multimeter be connected?

LAB QUESTIONS 17 Reversing the multimeter’s leads when measuring current resulted in what changes in outcomes?

LAB QUESTIONS 18 What is the total voltage supplied to the motor circuit by the batteries?

LAB QUESTIONS 19 How much current leaving the battery pack must travel through the multimeter?

LAB QUESTIONS 20 When setting up the circuit, where did the multimeter’s red measuring lead connect?