Disorders of the Respiratory System

Pneumonia Description: Infection of one or both lungs CauseSymptomsTreatment Bacteria Virus Fungi Cough (maybe with greenish or yellow, or even bloody mucus) Fever Shaking chills Shortness of breath (may only occur when you climb stairs) Rest Drink lots of fluids Advil NOT cough medicines (they make it harder to spit out mucus sputum)

Bronchitis

Description: Inflammation of bronchi, generally following a viral respiratory infection CauseSymptomsTreatment Causes vary, but may include: Air pollution Allergies Certain occupations (such as coal mining) Infections Chest discomfort Cough that produces mucus; if it's yellow- green, you are more likely to have a bacterial infection Fatigue Fever Shortness of breath Wheezing Antibiotics not necessary: infection will generally go away within 1 week. Do not smoke Drink plenty of fluids Rest Advil Use a humidifier or steam in the bathroom

Asthma

Description: Passageway to lungs inflamed repeatedly (chronically), usually by triggers CauseSymptomsTreatment Airway linings become inflammed and produce mucus. The muscles that surround the airways become sensitive and start to twitch and tighten, causing the airways to narrow. Shortness of breath Tightness in the chest Coughing Wheezing Medication: preventors and relievers (ex. inhalers often have steroids to reduce inflammation) Avoid triggers if possible

Chronic Obstructive Pathway Disease (COPD) Description: Form of lung disease with long-term cough with mucus, due to smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke & fumes Note – Emphysema is same thing but with serious damage to lungs CauseSymptomsTreatment Smoking Exposure to certain gases or fumes in the workplace Heavy amounts of second-hand smoke and pollution Cough with mucus Shortness of breath Fatigue Frequent respiratory infections Wheezing No cure Stop smoking / exposure Inhalers (often have steroids to reduce inflammation)

Emphysema

Unit 4 Test – Nov. 22 nd Only three systems covered: Digestive, Circulatory and Respiratory (this applies to the final exam too!) 8 MC Short answer Q’s. Includes: – Includes: filling in chart (functions) – Describing general processes – Choose 2 out of 3 pairs of terms to compare/ contrast – NO DIAGRAMS to LABEL!!! – Data analysis Long answer (only 1 – case study – identify diseases and organs affected, symptoms & causes, treatments)