Data Type

A data type defines a set of values that a variable can store along with a set of operations that can be performed on that variable. Common data types are integer, character, and real.

Data Type Data Types

Data Type

Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Integers, Character and Floating point Integer Singed typeUnsigned type intunsigned int short intunsigned short int long intunsigned long int Character Signed char Unsigned char Floating Point floatdoublelong double Primary Data type

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Integers Signed and unsigned types Signed– can store + and –ve integers Unsigned– can store only +ve integers Integer Singed typeUnsigned type intunsigned int short intunsigned short int long intunsigned long int

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Signed type integers int :- integers are whole numbers, capable to storing numeric value without decimal places. any number in the range to It occupies 2 bytes of memory Long int :- required 4 bytes of memory. Value range from to Long int variable can declare long int a,b; or long a;

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Signed type integers Short integers :- need less space in memory (same as int) Short int variable can delare short int a; or int a;( both are same)

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Unsigned integers unsigned integers :- some time if we know in advanced, the value stored in an integer variable is always be +ve. Such situations we can declared the variable as unsigned int The range permissible integer value will shift from 0 to ie double the size of int Unsigned integer variable can declare unsigned int a; or unsigned a;( both are same)

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Unsigned integers unsigned short integers :- same as unsigned int unsigned long integers :- Range 0 to (double size of long int) Unsigned long integer variable can declare unsigned long int a;

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Characters Signed and unsigned types Both occupy 1 byte of memory But having different range Signed char is same as ordinary char and has range to 127 Unsigned char range from 0 to 255 Example cnsigned char a; char a; Character Signed char Unsigned char

Data Type Basic Data type(Primary, fundamental) Floating point A float variable occupy 4 bytes of memory Range from 3.4E-38 to 3.4E+38 Double occupy 8 bytes of memory Range from 1.7E-308 to 1.7E+308 Long double occupy 10 bytes of memory Range from 3.4E-4932 to 3.4E+4932 Floating Point floatdoublelong double

Data Type Typesize (bytes)Range char1 127 to -128 unsigned char1 0 to 255 int to unsigned int2 0 to short int to long int to unsigned long int4 0 to float4 3.4E-38 to 3.4E+38 double8 1.7E-308 to 1.7E+308 long double10 3.4E-4932 to 3.4E+4932

Data Type User Defined Data Type Type Definition Enumerated datatype Structure Union User Defined Data type Type Definition Enumerated datatype Structure Union

Data Type User Defined Data Type Type Definition Allows user to define an identifier that would represent an existing data type This identifier can later used to declared variables syntax:-- Eg: typedef int integet; integer a;

Data Type User Defined Data Type Enumerated Allows user to declare variables can have one value enclosed within braces. Way of attaching name to numbers syntax:-- Eg: enum sex{male,female}; Then value of male=0 and female=1

Data Type User Defined Data Type Structure A structure is a collection of one or more variables, possibly of different types, grouped together under a single name A structure is defined by the keyword struct followed by a set of variables enclosed in braces. Consider the following structure to represent a person’s details. struct Personnel { char name[100]; int age; double height; }; The variables name, age and height are called members of the structure type Personnel.

Data Type User Defined Data Type Structure There are two ways to define variables of a particular structure type. 1.Declare them at the structure definition. struct Personnel { char name[100]; int age; double height; } p1, p2, p3; /* Define 3 variables */ 2.Define the variables at some point after the structure definition. struct Personnel p1, p2, p3; /* Define 3 variables */

Data Type User Defined Data Type Union A union is a collection of one or more variables, possibly of different types, grouped together under a single name A union is defined by the keyword union followed by a set of variables enclosed in braces. Consider the following union to represent a person’s details. union Personnel { char name[100]; int age; double height; }; The variables name, age and height are called members of the union type Personnel.

Data Type User Defined Data Type union There are two ways to define variables of a particular union type. 1.Declare them at the union definition. union Personnel { char name[100]; int age; double height; } p1, p2, p3; /* Define 3 variables */ 2.Define the variables at some point after the union definition. union Personnel p1, p2, p3; /* Define 3 variables */

Data Type Derived datatype Array… Functions… Pointers… Reference… Derived datatype Array Function Pointers Reference

Data Type Empty data type void

Escape Sequence Escape sequence is used in the printf() function to do something to the output.