Foundations of United States Citizenship The Bill of Rights Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6

Motivation What rights and privileges do you take for granted that people in other countries do not even have? Today, you'll learn more about these benefits. Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson overview What is the importance of the Bill of Rights? What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee? What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms? Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson overview (cont’d) How are the rights of the accused protected? How are other rights protected? How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans? Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson overview (cont’d) What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? What changes did the civil rights movement bring? Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Quick Write As American citizens, we have many rights. List some of the rights that are important to you. Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What is the importance of the Bill of Rights? The Bill of Rights protects civil liberties. Civil liberties—freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee? Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Freedom of assembly Freedom of petition Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms? Compelling public interest—the safety and security of Americans Free speech does not include Inciting a riot Spreading lies in speech or printed matter Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How are the rights of the accused protected? The Fourth Amendment Protects against unreasonable search and seizure The Fifth Amendment Requires indictment for serious federal crime Protects against double jeopardy Protects against self-incrimination Limits governmental power of eminent domain Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How are the rights of the accused protected? (cont’d) The Sixth Amendment Requires informing accused of charges Guarantees trial by jury Guarantees right to a lawyer The Eighth Amendment Allows for bail Forbids cruel and unusual punishment Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How are other rights protected? The Second Amendment Allows individual citizens to keep and bear arms Allows militia members to bear arms Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How are other rights protected? (cont’d) The Third Amendment Requires consent for soldiers to move into private home during peacetime Requires that Congress authorize the practice in times of war Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How are other rights protected? (cont’d) The Seventh Amendment Concerns civil cases Guarantees jury trial if amount of money involved is more than $20 Does not require jury trial; dispute may be decided by a judge Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How are other rights protected? (cont’d) The Ninth Amendment Guarantees additional unwritten rights to citizens The Tenth Amendment Reserves any powers not given to the federal government to the states Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans? Thirteenth (1865)—outlawed slavery Fourteenth (1868)—defined citizens as those born or naturalized in the United States Fifteenth (1870)—guaranteed the right to vote to people of all races Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? Sixteenth (1913)—empowered Congress to levy an income tax Seventeenth (1913)—allowed voters to elect their senators directly Eighteenth (1919)—prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? (cont’d) Nineteenth (1920)—gave women the right to vote Twentieth (1933)—shortened the time between the president’s election and inauguration Twenty-first (1933)—repealed the Eighteenth Amendment Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? (cont’d) Twenty-second (1951)—limited presidents to two full terms in office Twenty-third (1961)—gave residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote for president and vice president Twenty-fourth (1964)—made poll taxes illegal in national elections Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? (cont’d) Twenty-fifth (1967)—provided for presidential succession in the event of death or incapacity of the president Twenty-sixth (1971)—gave citizens 18 and older the vote in national and state elections Twenty-seventh (1992)—banned Congress from raising members’ salaries until after the next election Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What changes did the civil rights movement bring? Objections to the discrimination African Americans faced after the Civil War led to The formation of the NAACP and the National Urban League Desegregation of the armed forces and public schools Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d) Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., led peaceful protests of unfair laws. The Civil Rights Act of 1957 Set up a civil rights commission and a civil rights division of in the Justice Department Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d) The Equal Pay Act of 1963 Banned wage discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or national origin The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 Protected free access of minorities to the polls The Open Housing Act of 1968 Prevented discrimination by those who sell homes The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Banned discrimination against persons with physical or mental disabilities Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d) Ongoing challenges Controversy over affirmative action programs Workplace discrimination Racial profiling Hate crimes Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review The Bill of Rights protects civil liberties and guarantees certain rights to all Americans. The First Amendment guarantees Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Freedom of assembly Freedom to petition the government Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) The safety and security of all Americans can limit First Amendment rights. The Fourth Amendment Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures The Fifth and Sixth Amendments Protect the rights of people accused of crimes Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) The Eighth Amendment Guarantees a speedy trial, allows for bail, and forbids cruel and unusual punishment The Second Amendment Deals with keeping and bearing arms The Third Amendment Prevents soldiers from moving into private homes during peacetime Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) The Seventh Amendment Guarantees a right to a jury trial in civil cases The Ninth Amendment Gives citizens rights in addition to those mentioned in the Constitution The Tenth Amendment Reserves any powers not given to the national government to the states or the people Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) Three amendments passed after the Civil War Thirteenth—outlawed slavery Fourteenth—granted equal protection to all citizens Fifteenth—outlawed denial of voting rights based on race Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) The Sixteenth through Twenty-seventh Amendments deal with issues such as Direct election of U.S. senators Women's right to vote Elimination of poll taxes Right of 18-year-olds to vote Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) The civil rights movement attempted to obtain full civil rights for all African Americans. President Truman desegregated the military. The Supreme Court desegregated public schools. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., encouraged acts of nonviolent resistance, such as sit-ins, marches, and boycotts. Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Lesson review (cont’d) The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration Ongoing problems include Controversy over affirmative action programs Workplace discrimination Racial profiling Hate crimes Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Summary What is the importance of the Bill of Rights? What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee? What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms? Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Summary (cont’d) How are the rights of the accused protected? How are other rights protected? How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans? Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Summary (cont’d) What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? What changes did the civil rights movement bring? Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

Next Done— The importance of the Bill of Rights Next— The branches of the U.S. government Foundations of United States Citizenship Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights