Updated September 2011 Nanotechnology in Manufacturing

Updated September “Top Down” Manufacturing 2.“Bottom Up” Manufacturing 3.Smart Materials 4.Carbon Nanotubes 5.Current Nanotech Products Manufactured Nanotech in Manufacturing Outline

Updated September 2011 How to Manufacture Nanotechnology 1.Top Down technique uses large machines to make the nanostructures from larger materials Example: Photolithography to make Computer Processor Chips 2.Bottom Up technique uses chemical and physical interactions to make nanostructures without guidance Example: Catalyst to make Carbon Nanotubes cc by Via Gallery Image by Azured

Updated September Smart Materials are manufactured goods that react to some outside forces. Crystals can expand and contract with electricity, metals can retain a shape memory, liquids can move with magnetic fields, and surface cracks can heal themselves. cc by Thomas Shahan

Updated September 2011 Self-Healing Materials have micro- or nano-size capsules of chemicals in the structure. When a crack forms, it ruptures the capsules, releasing the chemicals to react and heal the material. Products can now heal themselves. Image by HighPoint Learning

Updated September 2011 Ferro Fluids are liquids with nanoscale magnetic particles suspended. This makes the whole fluid react to a magnetic field but turn back into a liquid without it. Opoterser cc by Thomas Shahan

Updated September Nanotubes and buckyballs are nanoscale carbon structures that hold many useful properties for manufacturing and products. Fullerene Nanotube cc by Sauperad cc by Guillaume Paumier

Updated September 2011 Carbon Nanotubes Are stronger than steel Can be made to be very conductive Can be made to be nonconductive Are good heat conductors in one direction Are good heat insulators in the other direction cc by Guillaume Paumier

Updated September 2011 Carbon nanotubes are put on glass to make it electrically conductive. The glass stays clear because the nanotubes are so small. cc by Tobias G.

Updated September 2011 Oklahoma Nanotech Manufacturers SouthWest Nano Technologies Norman NanoBioMagnetics, Inc. Edmond XetaComp™ Edmond Access Optics Broken Arrow

Updated September 2011 SouthWest Nano Technologies- SWeNT –World leader in single-wall carbon nanotubes batch manufacturing –Norman, Oklahoma –Sell for $750 per gram –Makes several kilograms per day

Updated September 2011 NanoBioMagnetics, Inc. –Developing magnetic nanoparticles that can be injected into tumor cells –The nanoparticles are vibrated using electromagnets –The nanoparticles release chemicals that kill the cancer –Healthy cells are unharmed Image ©NanoBioMagnetics

Updated September 2011 XetaComp™ –Makes SunVex sunscreen with nano- size titanium dioxide particles –SunVex is clear and nongreasy –TiO 2 particles are < 100nm Images ©XetaComp

Updated September 2011 Access Optics –Makes mini optics for medical applications –Sapphire lenses and coatings are hard as diamonds –Nanocoatings make surgical devices more durable Image ©Access Optics

Updated September 2011 This module is one of a series designed to introduce faculty and high school students to the basic concepts of nanotechnology. Each module includes a PowerPoint presentation, discussion questions, and hands-on activities, when applicable. The series was funded in part by: The National Science Foundation Grant DUE and the Oklahoma Nanotechnology Education Initiative Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the Oklahoma Nanotechnology Education Initiative.

Updated September 2011 Image Credits Via Gallery (Photographer). VIA Nano Chip Image (perspective).jpg [Digital Image]. Taiwan. Flickr ( Azured (Contributer). CNTBB structure.jpg [Electron Microscope Image]. Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org) Shahan, Thomas (Photographer). Macro photograph of ferrofluid influenced by a magnet [Macro Photograph]. United States. Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org) Saperaud (Designer) Fullerene-C60.png [Digital Image], Germany, Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org) Paumier, Guillaume (Designer) Carbon Nanotube.svg [Digital Image], France, Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org) G., Tobias. (Photographer) OLED Device [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org)

Updated September 2011 References Kloppel, James E. New Recipe for self-healing plastic includes dash of food additive. Science News at Illinois. Retrieved from Oklahoma Nanotechnology Companies (2005). The Oklahoma Nanotechnology Initiative. Retrieved from Wilson, Michael, Kanangara, Kamali, Smith, Geoff, Simmons, Michelle, & Raguse, Burkhard. Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies. (2004). [Kindle Edition] Retrieved from