THE EFFECTS OF 11-CIS VACCENYL ACETATE AND 11-HEPTACOSADIENE ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER By Jonathan Tam

Insect Based Diseases  Fleas, Lice, Mosquitoes and Ticks – most responsible for infectious diseases in the United States  Plague, transmitted through Fleas. Malaria, transmitted through Mosquitoes  5 th cause of most deaths in world  1.3 million killed in gue/world98.htm pedia/commons/c/cb/Malaria_g eographic_distribution_2003.png

Pheromone  Any chemical messenger that affects behavior or development of other individuals of the same species _mandibular_pheromone

11-cis vaccenyl acetate and 11-heptacosadiene  Drosophila sex pheromones  11 – cis vaccenyl acetate  Secreted through ejaculation by males  Aggregation behavior  Known to have effects on both males and females  11 – heptacosadiene  Secreted before mating by females  Aggregation behavior

Drosophila Lush  Kim, 1998  Proposed existent of Lush Flies after genetic differences with the Lush gene – olfactory organs  10 flies in odorant traps of 60 different volatile organic compounds  Traps with concentrations of ethanol, propanol and butanol were the only ones successful

Literature Review 1  Ping Xu, 2005  Reinitiate Effect of 11 – Cis Vaccenyl Acetate on Drosophila by adding Protein to Food Cultures  Insensitivity to 11 – Cis Vaccenyl Acetate  Inactivity of trichoid neurons in Drosophila

Literature Review 2  Ha and Smith, 2006  Locate the Sensilla in the Antennae missing for 11 – Cis Vaccenyl Acetate detection  Receptors – T1Sensilla, T1 neurons responsible for sensitivity

Literature Review 3  Savarit, 2002  Examined the reaction of 11- heptacosadiene that males had  11-heptacosadiene proved to be a similar aggregation pheromone

Purpose  The purpose of this experiment is to quantify the effects of 11-cis-vaccenyl acetate and 11- heptacosadiene as pheromone baiting agents over natural food attractants

Hypothesis  Hypothesis 1A – 11-heptacosadiene will have a significant effect on the number of flies aggregated in a given location.  Hypothesis 2A – 11-cis vaccenyl acetate will have a significant effect on the number of flies aggregated in a given location.  Hypothesis 1N and 2N – In the presence of a natural food source, no change will be exhibited in the aggregation of Drosophila melanogaster

Methodology Drosophila melanogaster (Wild Type) Data will be taken by counting the number of flies drawn to each substance of the maze 12 males and 12 females to be put into a T-shaped maze T-shaped maze will have 3 end points – a 10 mg sample of 11 – heptacosadiene, 11 – cis vaccenyl acetate and banana An egg count will be performed among the flies collected at each end point. Statistical Analysis – One way anova and post-hoc scheffe test

T-shaped Maze Not Drawn to Scale 11-cis vaccenyl acetate Banana 11-heptacosadiene Insertion Point

Do-Ability  Organisms are readily available  Experience with Methods of Data Collection  Chemicals and Materials can be purchased

Budget Sheet

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