Bari Osmanov University of Florida MINERvA: neutrino cross-sections for the future EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 1 o f20 on behalf of MINERvA collaboration

EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 2 of 20 Outline   Neutrino beam  Neutrino detection  Physics goals  Data analysis  Tracking Prototype  Conclusion

Why? Precise knowledge of neutrino cross-sections is important in the determination of neutrino beam spectrum and the prediction of the expected spectrum of neutrino events in the far detector in the absence of neutrino oscillations. What? MINERvA is a neutrino scattering experiment aimed to provide high-precision cross-sections for present and future neutrino oscillation experiments. It will also study nucleon structure and nuclear effects in neutrino interactions. Where? Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, high-intensity NuMI neutrino beam EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 3 of 20 Main aspects

Neutrino beam  low-energy: - E peak =3.0 GeV, =10.2 GeV - 60K events per ton per POT  medium-energy: - E peak =7.0 GeV, =8.0 GeV - 230K events per ton per POT  high-energy: - E peak =12.0 GeV, =14.0 GeV - 525K events per ton per POT  expect to know the flux to  EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 4 of 20

 A hybrid of fully-active fine-grained tracking detector and traditional calorimeter  Good resolution in measuring momentum, energy and angle of the outgoing particles  Located 100 m underground in the NuMI beamline upstream of MINOS Near Detector EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 5 of 20 Neutrino detection I

Each module consists of inner (ID) and outer (OD) detector regions. 4 types of modules: Type I: tracker (total of 84 modules): ID – 2 fully active scintillator planes (sequence of XU/XV for 3D tracking) with lead frame along the border for electron calorimetry; OD – 6 outer steel towers with scintillator bars for hadron calorimetry; Type II: ECAL (total of 10 modules): ID – 2 fully active scintillator planes (XU/XV) and 1 lead plane; OD – 6 outer steel towers with scintillator bars for hadron calorimetry; Type III: HCAL (total of 20 modules): ID – 1 fully active scintillator plane and 1 steel plane; OD – 6 outer steel towers with scintillator bars for hadron calorimetry; Type IV: nuclear targets (total of 5 modules): ID – mixed plane from C, Fe, Pb; OD – 6 outer steel towers with scintillator bars for hadron calorimetry; Neutrino detection II EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 6 of 20 ID OD veto wall

Neutrino detection III CROC/VME readout DAQ computer Permanent Storage EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 7 of 20 Extruded scintillator with WLS fiber (appr.30,000 channels) 2.5 mm position resolution M-64 PMTs FEBs signal amplification and digitization LI system (dead channels, PMT gain measurement)

Nuclear targets  Carbon (0.14 tons), iron (0.69 tons), lead (0.86 tons) - mixed elements in layers to give similar systematics  Will be inserted between the main detector layers (4 tracker modules between the targets)  4 He cryogenic target in front of the detector  1 st study of neutrino nuclear effects EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 8 of 20

Physics goals  Neutrino interaction cross sections  Form factors and structure functions  Nuclear effects EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 9 of 20

Cross-section measurements QE EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 10 of 20 Quasi-elastic interaction (we expect over 800K QE events for 16E20 POT) Total error reduction: 1) QE XS – from 20% down to 5-10% 2) RES - from 40% to 7%(CC)/12%(NC) 3) DIS - from 20% to 5%(CC)/10%(NC) Very important in oscillation experiments for signal/background separation Before MINERvA After MINERvA

EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 11 of 20 Form-factors and structure functions QE axial FF:  to measure high-Q 2 behavior  improved measurements at low Q 2 Structure functions:  MinervA can isolate all structure functions  PDFs can then be determined  addition to studies with EM probes F2F2

EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 12 of 20 Nuclear effects  nucleon Fermi motion effects and modification of nucleon properties (form-factors) in nuclear medium  FS interactions of the produced hadrons in the nucleus  measured quantities: observed interaction rate, hadron spectrum and multiplicity  For 16E20 POT: - 2M events on Fe and Pb - 1M on C - 500K on He - 9M events in scintillator

Data analysis Reconstruction points:  takes energy and time of the hit in the scintillator plane as the input parameters  time-slicing – separate events within the spill  pre-clustering – group strips in a plane and calculate X, U, and V coordinate  1-D tracking – chaining clusters in the same view  3-D tracking – associate 1-D projections  track fitting – fit 3-D track (Kalman filter, least squares)  vertex finding – match the tracks  calorimetric reconstruction (uses energy deposition)  track fitting with MINOS  particle ID EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 13 of 20

Tracking Prototype (TP) (  20% of full detector)  Prototype version (24 modules) of the final detector (114 modules) to test the concepts (registration, readout, analysis)  Prototype nuclear target (Fe) installed 10'' from the first TP module  Cosmic rays, calibration and beam runs EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 14 of 20

Tracking Prototype sees first events !!! EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 15 of 20 Quasi – elastic candidate energy of this proton: MeV p  trackerECAL HCAL

EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 16 of 20 Tracking Prototype sees first events !!!   candidate  trackerECAL HCAL  

DIS candidate EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 17 of 20 Tracking Prototype sees first events !!! trackerECAL HCAL

EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 18 of 20 Candidate event from Fe target Tracking Prototype sees first events !!!  p trackerECAL HCAL

Conclusion EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 19 of 20  MINERvA will play an important and potentially decisive role in helping current and future precision oscillation experiments reach their ultimate sensitivity  Nuclear targets will be used to study nuclear effects in neutrino interactions for the first time  Prototype version of the final detector was constructed and operated in NuMI hall  Currently building the remaining modules (plan to complete by mid-February 2010)  Full detector installed mid-March 2010

- University of Athens, Athens, Greece - Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - University of California, Irvine, California - University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany - Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois - University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida - Universidad de Guanajuato, Division de Ciencias e Ingenierias, Leon Guanajuato, Mexico - Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia - Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia - James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia - Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia - Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, North Adams, Massachusetts - University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota - Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois - Otterbein College, Westerville, Ohio - Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru - University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania - Purdue University-Calumet, Hammond, Indiana - University of Rochester, Rochester, New York - Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey - University of Texas, Austin, Texas - Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts - Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria, Lima, Peru - The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia MINERvA collaboration EPS HEP July, Krakow, Poland Bari Osmanov, University of Florida 20 of 20 Thank you!