Dr. Dona Warren, Department of Philosophy The University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Argument Structure IV) Lesson 3a: Inference Erasers: “and” (with Dependent Reasons) Argument Structure IV) Lesson 3a: Inference Erasers: “and” (with Dependent Reasons) IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 1

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to Explain what dependent reasons are Use the “and” family of inference erasers to communicate and analyze arguments with dependent reasons Dr. Dona Warren, Department of Philosophy The University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Argument Structure IV) Lesson 3a: Inference Erasers: “and” (with Dependent Reasons) Argument Structure IV) Lesson 3a: Inference Erasers: “and” (with Dependent Reasons) IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 1

Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 2

Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 2

Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 2

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 2

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Two or more ideas are dependent reasons in support of a conclusion if each idea is incapable of supporting the conclusion on its own but the ideas taken together are capable of supporting the conclusion. IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 2

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Two or more ideas are dependent reasons in support of a conclusion if each idea is incapable of supporting the conclusion on its own but the ideas taken together are capable of supporting the conclusion. Intelligent animals make good pets. SubconclusionPremise IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 2

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions No Contrast or Tension IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition” Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” Ultimate conclusion at beginningUltimate conclusion at end IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

+ Dogs are intelligent. Dogs make good pets. Dogs can learn tricks. Intelligent animals make good pets. Inference Eraser Expressions “Dogs can learn tricks. This shows that they’re intelligent, and intelligent animals make good pets, which is why dogs make good pets.” “Dogs make good pets. After all, intelligent animals make good pets and dogs are intelligent because they can learn tricks.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 3 ‘And’ Family: “and,” “moreover,” “furthermore,” “in addition”

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats make good pets. Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats make good pets. Cats are independent. Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats make good pets. Cats are independent. + Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats make good pets. Cats are independent.Independent animals are easy to care for. + Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats make good pets. Cats are independent.Independent animals are easy to care for. + Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats are easy to care for. Cats make good pets. Cats are independent.Independent animals are easy to care for. + Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats are easy to care for. Cats make good pets. Cats are independent.Independent animals are easy to care for. + Ultimate Conclusion IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4

“Cats are independent and independent animals are easy to care for. Consequently, cats are easy to care for so they make good pets.” Cats are easy to care for. Cats make good pets. Cats are independent.Independent animals are easy to care for. + IV) Lesson 3a – Slide 4