Education System in Thailand

National Policies in Education Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand 2007 National Education Act B.E. 2542 (1999) and Amendments (Second National Education Act B.E. 2545 (2002) 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan (2012-2016) 11th National Education Development Plan (2012-2016) Basic Education Core Curriculum 2008 The Cabinet declaration 2005 and 2009

Thailand and Education for All National Education Act 1999 guarantees the right of all children, without is crimination, to a quality education. 2005 The Cabinet declaration reaffirmed the right of all children to receive an education, including non-Thai children living in Thailand. Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand 2007 Sect. 49 requires that government provide a minimum 12 years of basic education of quality, free of charge 2009 the extension of a mandatory free education from 12 years to 15 years by the Government

All Thai people are able to access high-quality lifelong learning. The 2nd Decade of Education Reform (2009-2018) To keep up with the globalization, Thailand realizes the need to reform education to prepare our citizens to be the good, active, competent, and responsible global citizens. We are now at Vision: All Thai people are able to access high-quality lifelong learning.

Principles and Objectives of Education The 1992 (amended in 2002) National Scheme of Education Educational provision shall be based on the following principles: Lifelong education for all All segments of the society to participate in the provision of education Continuous development of the leaning process

A 15-year National Education Plan (2002-2016) Focuses on the integration of all aspects of life Emphasizes human-centred development and an integrated and holistic scheme of education, religion, art and culture Stipulates 3 objectives -all-round and balanced human development -building a society of morality, wisdom and learning -development of social environment

Educational management in Thailand Under the mandate of The Office of the Prime Minister The Ministry of Education The Ministry of Interior Some public agencies under the six other ministries

Ministry of Education Responsible for the management of education at all level from pre-primary to secondary, post-secondary and tertiary level education Provide non-formal education and supervises private schools at all levels

Educational Authority Ministry of Education Office of the Education Council Office of the Permanent Secretary Office of the Basic Education Commission Office of the Vocational Education Commission Office of Higher Education Commission

Ministry of Education Office of the Minister Independent Agencies Office for Monitoring & Evaluation Office of the Permanent Secretary Office of the Basic Education Commission (OBEC) Office of Vocational Education Commission Office of the Education Council Office of the Higher Education Commission 225 Educational Service Area Office (ESAO) App. 31,255 schools

Educational Authority Agencies under the Ministry of Education The Institute for the promotion of Teaching Science and Technology The Office for the National Education Standards and Quality Assessment The Office of the National Education Testing

Education system 1 2 3 4 Higher Education 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pre-Primary Education Primary Education Lower Secondary Education Upper Secondary Education Higher Education Lower than Bachelor's degree & Bachelor degree level Graduate Level Vocational Edu. Special vocational Edu. Short-course training Special Education 1 2 3 4 4 Key Stages 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Grade Approximate age 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Benjalug Namfa Ph.D. OBEC MOE Thailand

1. Basic Education 2. Higher Education Lower than Bachelor’s Degree Pre-primary Education (3 years) Primary Education (6 years) Secondary Education (6 years) Lower Secondary Education (3 years) Upper Secondary Education (3 years) Lower than Bachelor’s Degree Bachelor’s Degree Graduate Level.

The Educational Process MOE provides the curriculum framework for basic education with 3 components the curricular framework specifying its objectives, standards and assessment and methods of teaching and learning the framework for the national core curriculum to be organized through four 3-year key stages the framework for local curriculum providing schools with guidelines for adaptation of learning contents appropriate to their localities

Building Capacity for Every Learner Benjalug Namfa Ph.D. OBEC MOE Thailand Quality and Equity of Basic Education Building Capacity for Every Learner

Skills Development in Basic Education Basic Education Curriculum 2008

Skills Development in Basic Education National core curriculum Local / school needs School curriculum

Skills Development in Basic Education Thai Language Mathematics Science Areas of Learning Social studies, religion and culture Health and physical education Art Career and technology Foreign languages Student Development activities

Key Competencies

Skills Development in Basic Education Desired characteristics 1. Patriotism 2. Honesty 3. Self-discipline 4. Active learning 5. Sufficiency lifestyle 6. Diligence 7. Thainess 8. Public mindedness

OBEC in a Glance Number of Schools 31,255 Number of Students 7,686,871 Number of Teachers 403,492 Number of administrators 17,872

Equal Access to Education OBEC’s Missions Equal Access to Education for all children - Ethnic (Thai and Non-Thai Children) Highland and Remote areas Disable Children etc.

Ethnic Children have right to equal quality education, regardless of their ethnic, country of origin, birth to migrant, provided the government.

 The schools located in areas where there are high concentrations of migrants offer classes in both Thai and the mother language of those migrants.

Equal Access to Education for Disabled Children ----"The Office of Basic Education Commission is committed to provide education and services that build productive, meaningful lives for children with special needs children throughout the country.“ ----The Office of the Basic Education Commission provides education for all children with special needs (i.e. student with visual impairment, hearing impairment, physical impairment, intellectual impairment, autism, learning disability, speech and language difficulties, emotional difficulties and those with multiple disabilities) OBEC provide education and services that build productive, meaningful lives for children with special needs children throughout the country

Education Development for Disadvantages Children Highland and Remote Areas

Benjalug Namfa Ph.D. OBEC MOE Thailand Promotion of access to and completing compulsory education for all children through various process Mobile classroom and teachers delivery provided for communities Flexible curriculum and schedule in teaching and learning 3) Lodging School Benjalug Namfa Ph.D. OBEC MOE Thailand

Equal Access/Opportunity to Education for all children OBEC’s Missions Equal Access/Opportunity to Education for all children

Thailand and Education for All OBEC’s Missions Implementation of the 15-Year Free Education with Quality Policy For all children Thailand and Education for All

15-Year Free Education with Quality Policy Benjalug Namfa Ph.D. OBEC MOE Thailand List of free items Tuition fees Textbooks Learning materials School uniforms Activities to promote quality improvements among students 15-Year Free Education with Quality Policy

Learning Process

Thailand will be concentrating on developing 3 kinds of qualifications to help meet these needs 1. thinking ability to construct knowledge 2. ability to communicate 3. social problem alleviation ability To this end we have identified “5 Learning Steps”

“5 Learning Steps” which will ideally provide a “Staircase” Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning Learning to Construct Learning to Search Learning to Question Learning to Communicate Learning to Serve “5 Learning Steps” which will ideally provide a “Staircase”

Learning to Question focuses on developing Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Learning to Question focuses on developing life-long learning, specially critical thinking skills teachers encourage students to be more observant and raise their questioning skills

Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps method of focusing on investigating, enquiring experimenting through collecting data from various sources teachers enhance analyzing skills and integrating data for use in daily life and at work Learning to Search

Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Learning to Construct focuses on students deductive ability - ability to form theories and others methods of thought construction. teachers play a role as facilitators by developing discussions through debate and reaching logical conclusions.

Learning to Communicate Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Learning to Communicate focusing on students communication skills (oral & written) elevated standards of presentation skills - using technological aids to enhance their communication effectiveness.

ultimate goal of education instill public awareness Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Focus on learning skills development for lifelong learning : 5 Learning Steps Learning To Serve the Society enhance students skills as good citizens and develop a sense of public service. ultimate goal of education which aims to instill public awareness

Investing in Teacher Quality

Teacher Development

Changing Teacher Practice! Learning to teach Changing Teacher Practice! The most difficult… but the most important

Teacher ‘s learning Experiences Passive Learning Experience Learning to teach Teacher ‘s learning Experiences In-service Programs 1st year Teaching 4 years in Teacher Ed Learning process Teacher-Centered Passive Learning Experience 12 years Schooling

Learning to teach Apprenticeship of Observation In their long apprenticeship of observation as students, teachers have acquired a mass of information about school teaching Apprenticeship of Observation

Learning to teach The need to change teacher’s Practice How? from Passive Learning Experience Active Learning Experience How?

Sustainable Teacher Development Program Learning to teach Sustainable Teacher Development Program Teacher as a Learner Workshop One on One Supervision/ Coaching Teacher Collaboration