Turbinator Electric CHP Team of Ammonia Based Fertilizer Production Team Member: Jinrong Chen, Alastair Simmel, Hantao Wang, Marzena Zarycki Scribe:

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) What is CHP? Efficient way to generate heat and power together What does CHP provide to the rest of the project? Electricity Cooling water Why is CHP needed? Improve fuel efficiency, power quality, and energy cost predictability Reduce grid investment, ratepayer investment, and system vulnerability Support competitive electric power industry structure Our Goal “To optimize energy production and consumption of the whole plant .“ - Prof. Perl

Block Flow Diagram Grid Plants Reject (Blow Down) Power Natural Gas Cooling Water Makeup Water (Frac Water) Boiler Feed Prep Reclaimed Water Reject (Blow Down) Plants

Power Block

Power block- Gas Turbines Microturobines - Power output ranges 50-300kW, with the electrical efficiency 25-30%( in recuperated and 15% in unrecuperated), basically very small combustion turbines( turbocharchers) Aeroderivative - they are usually more expensive than products designed and handle load changes more quickly no heavy construction. Industrial - are exclusively for stationary power generation and are available in flexible capacity range. They are generally less expensive

Power block- Steam Turbine   Types Backpressure/ Condensing Power Output from 6- 250 MW Inlet Steam Temperature 500-580°C Inlet Steam Pressure 10-165 bar(145- 2395 psi) Exhaust Pressure Backpressure 10-16 bar( 145psi-232psi) Condensing 0.25 -1.0 bar(3.6 -14.5psi) Backpressure Steam Turbine (non-condensing steam turbines) – produces less useful work than the condensing turbine but the steam exhaust at above atmospheric pressure used for other steam applications (Power generation efficiency 15-35%) Condensing Steam Turbine - generally used in CHP systems, produces maximum useful work per lb of steam input (Power generation efficiency 30-40%)

Cooling Water

Boiler Feed Prep What is boiler feed prep? Provide pure water for boiler Why do we need boiler feed prep? Maximize life of boiler, steam turbine, and condenser Maximize process performance and productivity Reduce operation costs and maintenance expenses Design Basis Production: Ensure provide enough water for boiler Feedstock: Reclaimed water from cooling water system Outcomes: removal or control of Ca, Mg, Si, Al, high alkalinity, bicarbonate alkalinity Blow-Down

Boiler Feed Prep Main Processes Competing Companies Clarification Filtration Reverse Osmosis Ion Exchange Competing Companies GE Nalco Siemens Veolia

Q & A