Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? SolidLiquidGas Clay, Rock, Ice tray, Plastic, Sponge/foam, magnifying glass, flour, foil Water, oil, corn syrup??, air freshener??, Hand sanitizer Air in balloon Air freshener (evaporated) Usually firm surface Has a “shape” Things usually do not pass through Flows easier than solid, things can usually go through it Usually spreads Has no set shape Usually harder to see, Spreads out

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? Next > 1) View the video clip, “States of Matter” 2) Write a brief description of how that atoms move differently in solids, liquids, and gases Journal Entry

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different? Next > State of Matter: the physical form that matter is in based on the position and movement/energy of the atoms and molecules in that substance. 4 states: *solids, *liquids, *gases, plasma

Solids Atoms movement and energy: atoms/molecules in a solid do not move a lot. (vibrate). Low energy Next > Shape-shifting ability: solids keep the same shape no matter what container they are in. Volume: solids take up the same amount of space no matter what container they are in. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Liquids (intermediate stage between solids and gases) Atoms movement and energy: Atoms/molecules in a liquid move around more freely than in a solid. (Medium energy) Next > Shape-shifting ability: change shape based on the container it is in Volume description: Liquids take up the same amount of space no matter what container they are in. Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Gases Next > Shape-shifting ability: change shape based on the container it is in Volume description: Gas can be compressed to change the amount of space they take up. (no set volume) Atoms movement and energy: Atoms/molecules in a gas move around quickly. (High energy) Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Temperature??

Next > Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases? All matter possesses a certain amount of energy because atoms/molecules are always moving. SolidLiquid Gas Temperature measures the amount of motion/energy, and heat in an object. (measured in Celsius ( o C), Fahrenheit ( o F), or Kelvin

Next > Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases? Matter: anything that takes up space. (made up of atoms/molecules) SolidLiquid Gas States of Matter: different phase of matter based on the amount of energy the atoms have.

Inquiry: What are the different phase changes of matter? Melting: solid to liquid. Melting point: the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. (waters melting point = above O o C or 32 o F) Solid Liquid Increasing temperature, atoms movement and energy. Temperature measures the amount of motion/energy, and heat in an object. (measured in Celsius ( o C), Fahrenheit ( o F), or Kelvin

Freezing: liquid to solid Freezing point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. (waters freezing point = 0 o C or 32 o F) Liquid Solid Decreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy. Inquiry: What are the different phase changes of matter?

*Evaporation: liquid to gas *Boiling point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas. (waters boiling point = 100 o C or 212 o F) Liquid Gas Increasing temperature, atoms movement and energy. Inquiry: What are the different phase changes of matter?

*Condensation (con-den-say-shun): gas to liquid Gas Liquid Decreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy. Inquiry: What are the different phase changes of matter?

Sublimation(sub-li-ma-shun): solid to gas (skips over liquid stage) Solid Gas Increasing temperature, atoms movement and energy. Inquiry: What are the different phase changes of matter?

Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle? Evaporation and Evapotranspiration Condensation (causes cloud formation) Precipitation (Rain, snow etc.) Water cycle *Copy the flow chart:*

1) 2)

Task: 1) Match the different characteristics with the appropriate state of matter. Record it in your notes Assessment Question: The 3 pictures below represent the atoms in each of the 3 different states of matter. Label the picture that you think represents a solid. Solid Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle?

Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change? Phase Change: a physical change, when a substance changes its state of matter. Ex. At boiling point, a phase change occurs from liquid to gas. The temperature at which water becomes a gas (steam) is 100° C or 212 o F. Boiling points of other liquids may be much higher or lower than this. Next > *Copy notes in your binder* (3 mins)

Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change? The melting point of a substance is one of its most important properties. This is the temperature at which a substance turns from a solid into a liquid. The melting point of ice is above 0° C or 32 o F. This means that water is a liquid at room temperature (20° C). Next >

Do Now 1) Define Phase Change 2) For each phase change, state what state of matter it starts off as and what state of matter it ends up as. (s= solid, l = liquid, g= gas) Phase Change: Evaporation: __________ Condensation: ____________ Freezing: ________ Melting ________ Sublimation:_________ Inquiry: What happens to the temperature during a phase change? a physical change, when a substance changes its state of matter. L  G G  L L  SS  LS  G

Inquiry: What happens to the temperature during a phase change? Time (minutes) Temperature of water ( o C) Evaporation Phase change (L to G) During a phase change, the temperature stays constant (the same). Energy is still being absorbed, but the temperature does not go up. * Copy in your binder*

Time (minutes) Temperature of H 2 O ( o C) Melting Phase change (S to L) Evaporation Phase change (L to G) Solid (ice) Liquid (water) * Copy in your binder*

Which graph best represents the relative distance between the particles of most substances in their solid, liquid and gas states? Solids = atoms are close and low energy Liquids = atoms are further apart, moving at “medium” energy Gases = atoms are spread out, and moving rapidly, “high” energy

2) Develop a model to show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty room to represent the particles in the following samples of matter. a) Students represent a “solid”: b) Students represent a “heated solid”: c) Students represent a “liquid”: d) Students represent a “gas”: Students should go stay close together and shake alittle. Students should move apart alittle and shake more. Students should separate and walk a around the class Students should spread out and run around the room

3) Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample, the particles in a liquid lava sample a) Lower temperatureb) Less kinetic energy c) Are moving fasterd) Are closer together

Yes; not a shape shifter No; is a shape shifter No; is a shape shifter Yes; takes up the same am’t of space Yes; takes up the same am’t of space No; spreads out to fit the space it’s in 123 4)

5) 6) - 38 o C (freezing/solid ) 356 o C (boiling/gas ) 80 o C (liquid )