C HAPTER 5 L ESSONS 1 & 2 *Mental Health Test Monday the 11 th

RULES Do not self diagnose yourself or anyone else Have sympathy for others Do not place a stigma on anyone or any disorder Stigma- a mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected by others

Anxiety and depression are treatable mental health problems.

U NDERSTANDING A NXIETY Occasional anxiety is a normal, manageable reaction to many short-term, stressful situations. Difficult emotions occur for a variety of reasons, including hormonal changes, relationship issues, grief, or stress.

U NDERSTANDING D EPRESSION Depression is one of the most common mental health concerns among teens. Depression is a serious condition that is treatable. A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness Depression can linger or be severe enough to disrupt daily activities.

U NDERSTANDING D EPRESSION Major depression is intense and can last for weeks or months. Mild depression has less severe symptoms, but can last for years. Adjustment disorder is a reaction to a specific life event. Types of Depression

U NDERSTANDING D EPRESSION Warning Signs Of Depression Persistent sad or irritable mood Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed Significant change in appetite or body weight Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping Physical signs of nervousness Loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt Difficulty concentrating Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

C AUSES AND E FFECTS OF D EPRESSION Other Symptoms of Depression Changes in Thinking Changes in Feelings Changes in Behavior They may have self-destructive thoughts and trouble concentrating and making decisions. They may be apathetic, sad, irritable, or angry. They may become emotional, change their eating, sleeping, or hygiene habits, and withdraw from social situations.

A PATHY People who are depressed may experience apathy. A lack of strong feeling, interest, or concern

G ETTING H ELP FOR D EPRESSION Health professionals can develop a depression- treatment plan that may include: taking medication making changes in the home or school environment counseling

Gaining an understanding of mental health disorders builds insight and empathy.

U NDERSTANDING M ENTAL D ISORDERS Mental disorders are medical conditions that require diagnosis and treatment. Each year, one in four Americans is affected by some form of mental disorder. An illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing him or her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life

A NXIETY D ISORDERS Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental health problems among children and teens. A condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control

A NXIETY D ISORDERS Phobia Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder Panic Disorder A strong, irrational fear of something specific, such as heights or social situations. Persistent thoughts, fears, or urges (obsessions) leading to uncontrollable repetitive behaviors (compulsions). For example, the fear of germs leads to constant hand washing. Attacks of sudden, unexplained feelings of terror. “Panic attacks” are accompanied by trembling, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, or dizziness.

A NXIETY D ISORDERS Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) A condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, emotional numbness, guilt, sleeplessness, and problems concentrating. Exaggerated worry and tension for no reason. People with GAD startle easily and have difficulty concentrating, relaxing, and sleeping.

I MPULSE C ONTROL D ISORDERS People with impulse control disorders cannot resist the urge to hurt themselves or others.

I MPULSE C ONTROL D ISORDERS Kleptomania Cutting Pyromania Excessive Gambling Compulsive Shopping Unplanned theft of objects Repetitive cutting on parts of the body that can be hidden Setting fires to feel pleasure or release tension Continuing to gamble despite heavy losses Spending money on items that you can’t afford and don’t need

E ATING D ISORDERS Eating disorders like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating commonly occur during the teen years.

M OOD D ISORDERS A person with a mood disorder experiences extreme moods that are more severe than the normal highs and lows everyone experiences. Mood disorders include depression and bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder, or manic-depressive disorder, is marked by extreme mood changes, energy levels, and behavior.

C ONDUCT D ISORDER Examples of conduct disorder include stealing, cruelty, lying, aggression, violence, truancy, arson, and vandalism. Patterns of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated

S CHIZOPHRENIA Schizophrenia is a mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality. Symptoms include unpredictable behavior, delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders.