Juvenile Macular Degeneration Lauran Maestas Meghan Raney Cressie Wright

Three major forms of Juvenile Macular Degeneration Best’s Disease Juvenile Retinoschisis Stargardt Disease All are rare and cause central vision loss

Stargardt Disease First report in 1901 German Ophthalmologist Karl Stargardt 1997 genetic component discovered Recessive gene Both parents must have

Stargardt Gene Stargardt No protein produced Normal Without protein no energy No energy photoreceptor cells in retina degenerates Normal Gene produces protein Protein produces energy Energy sent to the photoreceptor cells

Effects of gene defect Fatty yellow pigment (Lipofusion) Build up under cells in macula Rods and Cones are affected Atrophy in the macula Loss of central vision Blindness

Symptoms Visual Acuity 20/40 20/200 Central Vision Loss Vision Acuity 20/40 20/200 Central Vision Loss Vision Acuity Blurry Vision Distorted Vision

Symptoms Dark Areas Color Perceptions Central Scotoma (Blind Spot in Central Vision) Night Blindness Photophobia (Abnormal tolerance for light)

Treatments No Cure Current research: UV Protective glasses may slow the progression Limit intake of vitamin A Stem cells in adult body fat

References Stargardt Disease. (n.d.). American Macular Degeneration Foundation |. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from https://www.macular.org/stargardt-disease Stargardt macular degeneration. (2014, July 7). Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/stargardt-macular-degeneration Kinkade, D. R. (2012, November 6). Low Vision Eyeglasses LowVisionEyeglasses.com: Guide to Macular Degeneration: Short Answers to Complex Questions. Low Vision Eyeglasses LowVisionEyeglasses.com: Guide to Macular Degeneration: Short Answers to Complex Questions. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from http://lowvisioneyeglasses.blogspot.com/2012/11/guide-to-macular-degeneration-short.html Stargardt Disease. (2014, November 7). . Retrieved July 11, 2014, from http://www.retina-international.org/eye-conditions/retinal-degenerative-conditions/stargardt Grossman, M. (2013, August 28). Stem Cells Discovered in Fat May Treat Macular Disgeneration, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Stargardt's. Eye conditions, eye care & diseases, treatment solutions. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from http://www.naturaleyecare.com/blog/stem-cells-fat/ Grossman, M. (n.d.). Stargardt's Disease. Eye Care. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from http://www.naturaleyecare.com/eye-conditions/stargardts/

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Lauran Maestas Meghan Raney Cressie Wright

What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)? AMD is a condition that causes central vision loss AMD is the leading cause of vision loss for people over the age of 60

Two Forms of AMD Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration More common Develops slowly Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration More severe Develops quickly

Causes of AMD? Causes are unknown but possible risk factors include: Smoking High Cholesterol Obesity Hypertension Poor Diet Hereditary Exposure to UV light Race Gender

Symptoms of AMD Blurriness Wavy Lines Blind Spot http://www.preservision.com/en/what-is-amd/visionsimulator/

Dry AMD Usually affects both eyes Light Sensitive cells in the macula begin to breakdown and die Presents of Drusen yellow spots under the retina Photograph of a healthy eye Photograph of an eye with dry AMD

Wet AMD Abnormal blood vessel growth Blood and fluid leak under the macula Leads to scarring Photograph of a healthy eye Photograph of an eye with wet AMD

Treatments Dry AMD Wet AMD No cure or treatments No cure Vitamins Some studies show specific combinations of vitamins can slow the progression and impact Injections into the eye Photodynamic Therapy Laser Therapy

Tools to Detect Progression of AMD The Amsler Grid is a simple test to detect early signs of AMD Demonstration of Reduced Visual Acuity http://www.lucentis.com/get-support

Case Study: Ernest Smith Age-Related Macular Degeneration Advanced Wet AMD in OS Caused by oxidative stress Used optical coherence tomography test Treatment available: Thermal Laser Therapy Daily monitor: Amsler Grid Had to have treatment again

References About wet AMD. (n.d.). What is Wet AMD. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from http://www.lucentis.com/information/wet-age-related-macular-degeneration Boyd, K. (2013, September 1). What Is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?. - Eye M.D.-approved information from EyeSmart. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from http://www.geteyesmart.org/eyesmart/diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration/index.cfm Wet macular degeneration. (n.d.). Definition. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/wet-macular-degeneration/basics/definition/con-20043518 What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)?. (n.d.). Bausch + Lomb. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from http://www.preservision.com/en/what-is-amd/what-is-amd/ WHAT IS AMD?. (n.d.). What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from http://www.amdawareness.org/asrs/what-is-amd