Presentation by: Heather Etzel, Fourth Grade Alicia Fornal, Fifth Grade Adapted from presentation by: Donn Hicks, Supervisor of Elementary Education, CCPS

Our Purpose To share and discuss strategies and activities that parents can use to help their children learn the basic number combinations.

Warm Up A =  B =     C =   D =        E =       F =    Take 30 seconds to memorize this slide!

Which letter belongs in each box? B + C = D – B = C x F= E F E

 Children who have a strong conceptual understanding of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are more successful at memorizing their facts.  When children have a firm conceptual foundation and can use fact strategies, memorizing facts becomes a matter of efficiency. Basic Fact Memorization What Does Research Show?

Building Number Concepts Concrete Manipulatives Pictorial Representation I I I I Abstract Symbols = 8 2 x 4 = 8  Significant time must be spent working with concrete materials and constructing pictorial representations in order for abstract symbol and operational understanding to occur.

Benchmarks for Kindergarten Model addition by combining sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures Model subtraction by separating sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures

Benchmarks for First Grade: Quick recall of all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 10 Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts with minuends to 5 –minuend- subtrahend = difference –addend + addend = sum

Benchmarks for Second Grade: Demonstrate quick recall of all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 15 Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts with minuends to 10

Benchmarks for Third Grade By the end of grade 3, students will have: memorized all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18. memorized all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10. memorized all multiplication facts up to and including the 5s table.

Benchmarks for Fourth Grade While in grade 4, students are expected to: retrieve from memory all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18. retrieve from memory all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10. have memorized all multiplication facts up to and including the 10s table. have memorized all division facts with divisors to 10 and quotients to 10.

Benchmarks for Fifth Grade While in grade 5, students will be able to retrieve from memory: all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums to 18. all subtraction facts with differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10. all multiplication facts up to the 10's table. all division facts with divisors to 10 and quotients to 10

ADDITION FACT STRATEGIES

Strategies to Support Fact Learning Addition Count on – Used when adding zero, one, two or three –8 + 2= put the eight in your head and count on 2. Doubles- the addends are the same. –7 +7 = 14 Doubles + 1: Think of your doubles fact and then add 1. –7+8= Think 7+7=14 + 1=15

Strategies To Support Fact Learning Addition Turn Around Facts: Commutative Property- The order of the addends does not affect the sum. 4+3=7 3+4=7 Make-Ten –Knowing pairs of addends that equal ten – So when you have a problem 8+5 Think 8+2=10 +3

S FACT STRATEGIES SUBTRACTION FACT STRATEGIES

Strategies To Support Fact Learning Subtraction Count BACK Strategy: This strategy works best when subtracting 0,1,2,3. –Ex: 12-3 start from 12 and count back three 11,10,9. Count UP Strategy- This strategy works best when subtracting two numbers that are close together. –11-8=3 Put 8 in your head and count up 9,10,11

MULTIPLICATION FACT STRATEGIES

Strategies To Support Fact Learning Multiplication Zero Rule- any number multiplied by zero is zero 5 x 0 = 0 One Rule- the product is itself 6 x 1 = 6 Two Rule - add the number to itself 8 x 2 = = 16 Three Rule- double the number, then add the number again 7 x 3 = = 21

Strategies To Support Fact Learning Multiplication Four Rule - double the number twice. 6 x 4 = = 24 Silly Saying (You’ve got to be 16 to drive a 4 x 4) Five Rule- count by fives. Products will end with 0 or 5. 3 x 5 = 15 4 x 5 = 20 5 x 5 = 25 Six Rule - think five groups of the number plus one more group. 6 x 7 = 5 x = 42

Strategies To Support Fact Learning Seven Rule- memorize two facts: 7 x 7 = 49 and 7 x 8 = 56 Brain hook…..56 is 7 x 8…Think Eight Rule- Memorize one fact: 8 x 8 = 64 Silly Saying (I ate and I ate until I got sick on the floor!)

Strategies To Support Fact Learning Multiplication Nine Rule- subtract 1 from the number you are multiplying with nine. Then think….What should I add to that number to equal 9? 7 x 9 …One less than 7 is ? = = 9 so the product is 63 Ten Rule- put a zero on the number you are multiplying by. 9 x 10 = 90

DIVISION FACT STRATEGIES

Connect to Multiplication Fact Families Strategy - Can be used with all division facts x 3 = 18 3 x 6 =  6 = 3 18  3 = 6

CCPS Website c/math/parent.HTM Interactive Multiplication Games s.htm