PERSONAL TECHNOLOGIES MS. BROCK – SCT 11

THE DOWNLOAD GENERATION DIGITAL MUSIC TECHNOLOGY – CHANGE IN HOW MUSIC IS RECORDED, DELIVERED AND PLAYED EXPLOSIVE GROWTH IN MUSIC PIRACY MUSIC INDUSTRY IN TURMOIL WANTED A SONG – BUY IT FROM THE STORE RECORD COMPANIES MADE BIG PROFITS AUDIOCASSETTE – MAKE COPIES OF YOUR OWN FAVOURITE SONGS AND RECORDS “HOME TAPING IS KILLING MUSIC.” – CAMPAIGN EARLY 1990S – COMPACT DISC (CD) – HIGH QUALITY SOUND FORMAT – CD BURNERS IN COMPUTERS MID-1990S –MP3 - NAPSTER

THE NAPSTER REVOLUTION NAPSTER – ONLINE FILE SHARING SERVICE – 1999 SCAN EACH COMPUTER FOR MP3S AND DOWNLOAD ONES WANTED PEER-TO-PEER (P2P) TECHNOLOGY – NO SONGS STORED ON NAPSTER SERVERS GET MUSIC FOR FREE MILLIONS OF SONGS TRADED HANDS EACH DAY – RECORD COMPANIES MADE NO MONEY CD SALES PLUMMETED, PEOPLE STARTED LOSING THEIR JOBS RECORD COMPANIES – TAKE DOWN NAPSTER AND STOP THE BLEEDING

THE RECORDING INDUSTRY FIGHTS BACK 1999 – RECORDING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA (RIAA) SUED NAPSTER FOR CONTRIBUTORY COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT LARS ULRICH – DRUMMER FOR METALLICA NAPSTER – FOUND GUILTY ORDERED TO PAY THE RIAA $160 MILLION SHUT DOWN ITS P2P NETWORK RE-EMERGED AS A SUBSCRIPTION-BASED MUSIC SERVICE RIAA – SUED OTHER COMPANIES AND INDIVIDUALS RIAA VS. JAMMIE THOMAS UPLOADING 25 SONGS TO KAZAA PAY OVER $200,000 CASE BEING RETRIED TENS OF MILLIONS OF PEOPLE CONTINUE TO USE ILLEGAL P2P NETWORKS 95% IS STILL PIRATED OF THE MILLIONS DOWNLOADED EVERYDAY

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT (DRM) SOFTWARE THAT USES ENCRYPTION AND AN AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM SCRAMBLES THE SONG SO UNREADABLE WITHOUT A “KEY” UNPOPULAR WITH PUBLIC LIMITS HOW MANY COPIES YOU CAN MAKE WHEN YOU PURCHASE MUSIC ONLY PLAY ON SOME BRANDS OF MUSIC PLAYERS END OF DRM? FEBRUARY 2007 – APPLE CEO STEVE JOBS WROTE A LETTER TO THE PUBLIC CALLED THOUGHTS ON MUSIC WANTED TO SELL MUSIC WITHOUT DRM APRIL 2009 – ITUNES SONGS – DRM FREE MANY COMPANIES REMOVING DRM 2006 – MORE THAN 20 BILLION SONGS SOLD WITHOUT DRM

A NEW BUSINESS MODEL EMERGES MUSICIANS – OFFERING THEIR MUSIC ON INTERNET AND ASKING PEOPLE TO PAY WHAT WORTH RADIOHEAD – ONE OF THE FIRST – SOME DOWNLOAD, SOME PAY, POPULARITY INCREASED – CONCERTS SOLD OUT – THEY PROFITED IN THE LONG RUN 2008 – NINE INCH NAILS – RELEASED ALBUM ONLINE – DOWNLOAD FIRST 9 SONGS FOR FREE OR BUY HIGHER QUALITY FOR $5 JETS OVERHEAD – CANADIAN ROCK BAND – OFFERS SOME FOR FREE ON WEBSITE, INTERNET GREAT WAY TO GET MORE EXPOSURE

MASHUP CULTURE TECHNOLOGICAL CONVERGENCE – COMBINING FEATURES ON A VARIETY OF DEVICES NOT JUST HARDWARE MASHUPS – COMBINE CONTENT FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES INTO NEW PRODUCTS VIDEO SEGMENTS AND MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT, PROVOKE THOUGHT, MAKE A STATEMENT MUST LOVE JAWS, BERT AND ERNIE SINGING GANGSTA RAP

MASHUPS & COPYRIGHT COPYRIGHT LAWS – OFFENCE TO USE OTHER PEOPLE’S WORK WITHOUT CONSENT MASHUPS – MATERIAL THAT WAS COMBINED WITHOUT CONSENT – ILLEGAL CRITICISM OR COMMENTARY – ALLOWED PARODY OF A COPYRIGHTED WORK FAIR USE – ALLOWS YOU TO FREELY USE COPYRIGHTED WORK UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES – 4 FACTORS 1. PURPOSE AND CHARACTER OF USE 2. NATURE OF THE COPYRIGHTED WORK 3. AMOUNT AND SUBSTANTIALITY OF THE PORTION TAKEN 4. EFFECT OF THE USE UPON THE POTENTIAL MARKET

REMIXES REMIX – TAKES EXISTING MUSIC AND TURNS IT INTO SOMETHING DIFFERENT SPED UP, SLOWED DOWN, MOVED, REMOVED, MADE LOUDER, QUIETER, LAYERED WITH OTHER MUSIC OR INSTRUMENTS MUSIC SAMPLING – TAKING BITS AND PIECES FROM OTHER WORK AND MIXING INTO A NEW SONG CAMPBELL V. ACUFF-ROSE MUSIC 1989 RAP MUSIC GROUP 2 LIVE CREW – WROTE SONG PARODY OF ANOTHER SONG BY ACUFF-ROSE MUSIC LABEL – ASKED FOR PERMISSION – DENIED – DID IT ANYWAYS -> 2 COURTS 2 DIFFERENT DECISIONS BASED ON FAIR USE AGREEMENT

FAIR USE FOR ALL FREE TO CUT UP, MASH, AND REMIX WHATEVER THEY WANT REBUILDING POPULAR CULTURE IS A FORM OF CREATIVE EXPRESSION SHOULDN’T BE LIMITED BY COPYRIGHT LAWS GREGG GILLIS AKA “GIRL TALK” REMIX DJ AND RECORDING ARTIST TAKES MUSIC CLASSICS, RIPS THEM APART ON HIS COMPUTER, AND REMIXES INTO NEW SONGS ILLEGAL – CRIMINAL, SOME CALL ARTIST AT CLUBS CDS – 20 REMIXES – 20 COPYRIGHT SONGS - $4 MILLION IN LICENSING FEES BRETT GAYLOR CANADIAN FILMMAKER RIP: A REMIX MANIFESTO REMIXING OTHERS’ CONTENT IS FAIR USE