HTML Presented by: Ondřej Procházka Course: Distributed Data Processing Mentor: Rafał Michalski

Content What is HTML, how it works What are tags, how are they implemented Overview of major HTML elements Evolution … history ~ present ~ future

What is HTML? Stands for: HyperText Markup Language It is the code behind your webpage Non-proprietary markup language ISO/IEC international standard

Hypertext Markup Language

How does it work? It is just a simple text containing a content surrounded by words in angle brackets The brackets contain pre-defined tags that can format text, create hyperlinks etc. We save this simple text with a.html or.htm extension and open it in a browser

What are the TAGS? Tags are simple pre-defined instructions Tags tell the browser how to display a page Tags are containers that describe a certain type of element, such as a paragraph, font Tags are not case sensitive

How do we use TAGS? This is my text! Let me show you how it works! Tag Attribute Value

How does a page look? Hello DDP! This my text!

Head elements - specifies additional metadata (author, keywords,..) - specifies a base URL for all the links in a page - specifies links to other documents (CSS,..).. - adds a JavaScript or other scripts.. - specifies the style of a document

Presentational markup.. *.. *Only valid in the Transitional and Frameset variants of HTML 4.01!

Block elements.. - Creates a paragraph, most common block level el. - Inserts a horizontal rule.. ** h1, h2, h3,.. h6 - Section headings at different levels..,..,.. - tags for creating lists.. “definition list, term, descr.”

Block el. - Tables.. - Creates a table.. - Creates a row in a table.. - Creates a table heading.. - Creates a table data cell …colgroup, col, caption, thead, tbody, tfoot

Other elements Creates a hyperlink - Inserets an image, src=“..” defines the source - Specifies a line-break.. - defines a division/section in a document - usually used to group block-elements to format..them with style

Omitted elements Frame tags Forms Non-standard HTML tags –Blink, marquee, blackface, etc. Commenting

Additions to HTML Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) –allow to set specific styles, formating for your page JavaScripts (JS) –scripting language adding interactivity to your page Plug-ins –Flash, QuickTime, Acrobat or streaming audio, video

Evolution #1 Roots date back to 1980~Tim Berners-Lee –project ENQUIRE, first hypertext system, for CERN 1989 Tim submitted a proposal for an Internet-based hypertext system 1991 first publicly available description of HTML in a document “HTML Tags”

Evolution # proposal for a specification, draft "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)" 1995 new specification - HTML HTML 3.2, HTML 4.0 (by W3C) 1999 HTML 4.01 –In 2000 ISO/IEC int. standard - HTML 4.01 Strict

Evolution #future HTML standard is constantly evolving HTML 5 published as a Working Draft in January 2008 Work done by W3C (timeframe ~2010 Q3)

HTML 5? Final death of the element Content-editable API New elements – – and

Sources Thank you for your attention!