Properties of Water Copy notes into note guide. Choose a different color for each property of water to color code your notes.

1. POLARITY The Oxygen end of the water molecule has a partial negative charge (due to pulling Hydrogen’s electrons towards its nucleus) while the Hydrogen end has a partial positive charge. Overall charge on molecule is neutral however the charge is unevenly distributed thus making water a Polar Compound. Polar nature of water causes molecules to be attracted to one another.

2. SOLUBILITY OR SOLVENT From Latin solvere meaning “to loosen.” Water dissolves other polar substances (ionic compounds, sugar, some proteins) Water does not dissolve nonpolar substances (oil) due to a weaker attraction between polar and non-polar molecules.

3. HYDROGEN BONDING Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that form between the partial positive hydrogen atom and the partial or negative oxygen atom. Hydrogen bonds form, break, and reform frequently. Hydrogen bonds cause water to form a liquid at room temperature. I’m stuck on you !!!! http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/Biology1111/animations/hydrogenbonds.html

4. COHESION Attractive force that holds molecules of water together. Ex.) Basilisk Lizard Attractive force that holds molecules of water together. Creates surface tension where water “sticks” to water and forms a “skin” by pulling the molecules at the surface of the water downward into the liquid. http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/reptiles/green-basilisk-lizard/

5. ADHESION The attractive force of water molecules to “stick” to another material or surface. Water “sticks” to other substances that also have a charge. Holds two different substances together.

6. CAPILLARITY or CAPILLARY ACTION Attraction between molecules that results in the rise of the surface of a liquid when in contact with a solid. Water molecules are attracted to another surface (adhesion). Water “sticks” to water (cohesion) and moves up the straw. Forces of adhesion, cohesion, and capillarity help water rise through narrow tubes against gravity (ex. Stem of flower)

7. DENSITY Water has a density of 1.00g/mL Any substance that has a density less than 1.00g/mL will float while any substance that has a density greater than 1.00g/mL will ______. Density = Mass (g) / Volume (mL)

8. Temperature Moderation Water has a high heat capacity- can absorb or release large amounts of energy with only a slight temp. change. Energy is absorbed to break hydrogen bonds and is released as heat when bonds form.