Safety Training Presentations Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Safety Training Presentations Machine Guarding and Amputation Hazards 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

FY-11 OSHA Susan Harwood Grant Program This material was produced under grant number SH22297-SH1 from OSHA. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Objectives Students will: Identify sources of amputation hazards Describe available protection and safeguarding methods Identify hazardous machine components and motions Identify sources of amputations at the workplace. Interpret OSHA’s role and standards The information provided in this presentation does not specifically address amputation hazards on all types of machinery in general industry, construction, maritime and agricultural operations; however, many of the described safeguarding techniques may be used to prevent other amputation injuries. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Amputation Amputations are most serious and debilitating workplace injuries. They are widespread and involve a variety of activities and equipment. Amputations occur most often when workers operate unguarded or inadequately safeguarded mechanical equipment Amputations are widespread and involve a variety of activities and equipment. Each year, thousands of employees lose fingers, hands, feet, and other body parts–mostly through compression, crushing, or by getting them caught between or struck by objects. Most amputations involve fingertips. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Amputation (cont) Injuries also happen during materials handling when using forklifts and doors as well as trash compactors While using powered and non-powered hand tools. While performing maintenance or repairs to improperly secured (LOTO) equipment Amputation often results in permanent disability In Sept 2011 a worker cleaning a meat mixer in NJ died after falling inside the mixer 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Machine is not safeguarded because … Equipment came that way I bought it used and that part was missing Guard gets in the way Is easier to work around it It’s common sense: no one will put their hands in there I don’t know… Think of it as Jeff Foxworthy says: You are a Redneck if… In this case you are going to loose a limb if… These and many more reasons are the main cause of workplace injuries 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Sources of Amputation Mechanical power presses Power press brakes Powered and non-powered conveyors Printing presses Roll-forming and roll bending machines Food slicers, meat grinders, meat-cutting band saws Drill presses, and milling machines & shears Grinders and slitters Amputations occur most often when employees operate unguarded or inadequately safeguarded: 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Sources of Amputation Hazards Mechanical power presses, Power press brakes, Powered and non-powered conveyors, Printing presses, Roll-forming and Roll bending machines, Food slicers, Meat grinders, Meat-cutting band saws, Drill presses, and Milling Machines as well as shears, grinders, and slitters. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Hazardous Machine Components Point of operation Area where work is performed Power-transmission devices Pulleys, belts, gears, etc Other moving parts Reciprocating action, rotating flywheels, pulleys, belts, chains, couplings, spindles, cams, and gears, connecting rods and other machine components that transmit energy Machine components that move during machine operation such as reciprocating, rotating, and transverse moving parts as well as auxiliary machine parts. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Hazardous Machine Motions Rotating – Circular motion Reciprocating – Back and forth motion Transverse – Straight continuous line Cutting – Sawing, boring, milling Punching – Metal Stamping Shearing – Metal Trimming Bending – Metal forming All mechanical motion is hazardous in one way or another. “Pinch Point” Occurs when two parts move or rotate together such as gears, rollers 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Hazardous Activities Employees operating and caring for machinery perform activities that presents amputation hazards such as: Set up and preparation Maintenance Machine set up Clearing Jams Lubrication and Inspection Employees often find themselves conducting these operations without proper training and fail to properly implement Lock Out /Tag Out procedures resulting in injuries. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Controlling Amputation Hazards Machine Safeguarding is essential for protecting employees from preventable injury. A good rule to remember is: Any part of a machine, function, or process that may cause injury must be safeguarded Safety is everyone's responsibility not just your supervisor Refer to slide #10, HAZARDOUS MACHINE MOTIONS and stress the importance of properly safeguarding machines and motions to prevent injuries and the possibility of an amputation. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Protection Methods Recognize and avoid amputation hazards through: Guarding Safe work practices Employee training Administrative controls Operating in a safe manner. Machine safeguarding must be supplemented by an effective energy control (lockout/tagout) program that ensures that employees are protected from hazardous energy sources during machine servicing and maintenance work activities. lockout/tagout is used where safeguards are rendered ineffective or do not protect employees from hazardous energy during servicing and maintenance operations. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Preventive Measures Lock Out Tag out: The best way to prevent amputations caused by stationary or portable machinery is with machine safeguarding and must be supplemented by an effective energy control (LOTO )

Machine safeguarding Two methods of machine safeguarding: Guards and Safe Guarding Devices Guards are physical barriers that prevent access to danger area Devices: Help prevent contact with points of operation and may replace or supplement guards. Interrupt normal operation when workers hands are inside the machine Guards: provide physical barriers to hazardous areas. They should be secure and strong, and employees should not be able to bypass, remove, or tamper with them. Guards should not obstruct the operator’s view or prevent employees from working. Page 11 of your handout OSHA 3170 will show examples of safeguarding devices Pages 13-16 will show examples of safeguarding devices. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Hand and Portable Power Tools Ensure guards are in place and working when using circular portable saws with a blade of 2” or more in diameter. All portable power tools with a 2” or more diameter wheel should have a constant pressure switch. Applies to grinders, belt sanders, reciprocating saws, drills, etc. The upper guard shall cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc required to permit the base to be tilted for bevel cuts. The lower guard shall cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc required to allow proper retraction and contact with the work. When the tool is withdrawn from the work, the lower guard shall automatically and instantly return to covering position. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

OSHA Machine Guarding E-Tool eTools are "stand-alone" Web-based training tools on occupational safety and health topics. They provide guidance information for developing a comprehensive safety and health program. Therefore, they include elements that go beyond specific OSHA mandates, such as recommendations for good industry practice. Go to the E-TOOL and show the students what is available for them. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

OSHA Standards The following OSHA standards are a few of the regulations that protect employees from amputation hazards. 29 CFR 1910 Sub Parts O and P: Machinery and machine safeguarding 29 CFR 1926 Subpart I covers hand tools 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Helpful OSHA Resources OSHA has many helpful programs, including assistance about safety and health programs, state plans, workplace consultations, voluntary protection programs, strategic partnerships, training and education, and more 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Summary Proper LOTO will prevent injuries while performing maintenance on equipment The use of Guards and devices are safeguarding methods to prevent amputations Recognize dangerous machine motions OSHA is here to help. If in doubt refer to the standards and supervisor This slide lists the main points to remember when working around machinery 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

OSHA Contact Numbers To report Unsafe Working Conditions, Safety and Health Violations Contact OSHA @: 1-800-321-OSHA (6742) / TTY1-877-889-5627 To File a Complaint Form: To file an OSHA-7 report online, see how to file a complaint with OSHA (www.osha.gov) For more information regarding your rights, see Worker Rights OSHA is here to assist you in preventing injuries by providing training and assistance to ALL individuals. For more in formation please contact OSHA. 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

References 29 CFR Part 1910 Subparts O and P cover machinery and machine guarding. 29 CFR 1926 Subpart I covers hand tools and powered tools. OSHA website: www.osha.gov 11006115 Copyright ã1999 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.