SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS Prof.dr. Andjelka MIHAJLOV

SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS ENVIRONMENT SECURITY

ENVIRONMENT eq. SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

ENVIRONMENT Air Water Soil Biota Sustainable use of natural resources (mandatory)

…. With sub circles: –National security / defense / country internal conflicts –Foreign policy / politics / peace keeping –Democracy –Human security / humanitarian actions –Global environmental stability (proper management / mismanagement) SECURITY

and…..ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY and SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMFLICTS NATIONAL SECURITY Foreign policy / POLITICS HUMAN SECURITY DEMOCRACY Environmental stability ENVIRONMENT

The main environmental conflict causes Interdependence of different subsystems of environmental security Scarce natural resources Goal incapability Communication / data failures, individual differences, poorly designed reward system and not proper understanding of issues

and new perspective Political allies are not always environmental allies Political stability is influencing environmental management / mismanagement and vise versa Environmental conflicts are having some characteristics of terrorism (for example, not knowing who is the enemy, and what are conflict targets) Environmental security is politically neutral issue? Specially in countries with economy in transition?

and view It is continuous need to support environmental security in SEE / Western Balkan countries as the tool for prevention on further possible conflicts and instrument for long-term conflicts solutions Environmental security is challenge

Four steps guide to managing environmental conflict Make the environmental conflict visible »How? Identify common environmental and security goals Clarify, sort and value differences Gain commitment to change

Choose in resolving environmental conflicts….. Avoidance (not addressing the conflict, environmental diplomacy,…) Accepting the other party’s / sector view Win with power a conflict Do the compromise, each party gives up, lose/lose Collaboration / win/win- views of all parties / sectors included in solution ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY HUMAN SECURITY POLITICS NATIONAL SECURITY ECONOMIC STABILITY DEMOKRACY