Laboratory Skills Chapter 2: Background.

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Presentation transcript:

Laboratory Skills Chapter 2: Background

Laboratory Safety Personal protective equipment (PPE) Safety cabinets Glasses vs. goggles Gloves Lab coat Face shields Safety cabinets Location and function of Gas shutoffs Fire extinguishers Fire blankets Eyewash/shower

Laboratory Notebooks Importance of recording actual data as it happens Format Purpose

Laboratory Notebooks What to include Numbered procedures Tables Calculations with all math and units displayed Sketches, model numbers, etc. Signatures To and from pages

Equipment Graduated cylinders

Equipment Volumetric flasks

Equipment Serological pipets

Equipment Pipet pumps

Equipment Transfer pipets

Equipment Burette

Equipment Adjustable-volume micropipets

Equipment Erlenmeyer flask

Equipment Reagent bottles

Equipment Triple beam balance Photo courtesy of Ohaus Corporation

Equipment Electronic balance

Using an Electronic Balance Play video: Using an Electronic Balance

Equipment Weigh boats

Equipment pH meters

Using a pH Meter Play video: Using a pH Meter

Equipment Autoclave

Washing Glassware Add small amount of laboratory soap and use a brush to make sure all surfaces are washed Rinse with tap water until no suds are evident, usually at least 3 times Rinse twice with distilled water Air-dry or use oven to dry

Labeling Name of solution Concentration Date made Name of person who made it Potential hazards if necessary

Hazards Universal hazards label

Significant Figures Rule 1: The number of significant figures is the number of digits to the right of the first non-zero number.

Significant Figures Rule 2: When adding or subtracting numbers, the resulting numbers cannot have any more significant figures to the right of the decimal point than any value used in the calculation.

Significant Figures Rule 3: When multiplying or dividing numbers, the answer cannot have any more significant figures than the value in the calculation with the fewest significant figures.

Sig Fig Practice http://www.mrwiggersci.com/chem/Tutorials/Ch2-Interact-Pract-Sig-Figs-Blacksburg.htm http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=sigfig-practice-quiz

Scientific Notation Shorthand method to display numbers that convey their level of precision Uses a number that is multiplied by 10 raised to a positive or negative number

Units of Measure Metric prefixes and suffixes

Scientific Notation Practice http://www.quia.com/quiz/113578.html?AP_rand=424817981

Preparing Solutions Percent solutions Mass per Volume (m/v)

Percent Solution Practice https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKJlH-kfUzo Go to 4 min

Preparing Solutions Percent solutions Volume per Volume (v/v)

Percent Solutions Practice https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKJlH-kfUzo 2 Min

Preparing Solutions Dilutions

Preparing Solutions Molar solutions Proportional method

Preparing Solutions Molar solutions Unit cancellation method

Diluting Molar Solutions Molar dilutions

Chapter 2 Summary PPE Equipment and Locations Containers Uses Safety PPE Equipment and Locations Equipment Containers Uses Numbers and Accuracy Significant Figures Scientific Notation Making Solutions Molar Solutions Dilutions

Gram Staining http://amrita.vlab.co.in/?sub=3&brch=73&sim=208&cnt=1 http://virtuallabs.nmsu.edu/stain.php