Problem Solving Strategies: Thinking about effectiveness Sandra Doty Ohio University Lancaster SOS-AAPT Fall 2014.

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Presentation transcript:

Problem Solving Strategies: Thinking about effectiveness Sandra Doty Ohio University Lancaster SOS-AAPT Fall 2014

Does an ability to do the steps of a problem solving strategy correlate with success in problem solving? Almost every introductory physics textbook includes a problem solving strategy intended to guide the novice problem solver or, at least, get them started. Those strategies, more or less, all look the same. Speaking for myself, I know that I promote them as a way of helping the student organize the task before them and clarify their thinking. But do they work? Can we correlate the ability to perform the steps in a problem solving strategy with an ability to solve problems? In this talk, I will provide preliminary results from an investigation aimed at trying to answer this question.

Basic Problem Solving Strategy 1.Quick “some” read. Then a detailed read – underline important info. 2.Draw a picture.  Identify important positions /times (initial, final)  Coordinate system (+x, +y)  x,y,v x,v y, a, Forces, etc 3.Organize data – table / list knowns and unknowns 4.THINK 5.Substitute into appropriate equations (kinematics, Newton’s 2 nd Law, Conservation of Energy, etc.) 6.Solve the math

What I Did, Why I Did it, What I hoped. WHAT 1.Exam questions on components of ‘problem solving’ strategy 2.Compare exam grade w/o problem solving questions to problem solving pieces. Looking for correlations WHY 1.Justify ‘teaching’ a strategy 2.Test whether the strategy helps HOPES 1.Identify areas of weakness that can be remediated individually and for the class as a whole 2.Identify other “missing links” for the students

DRAW A PICTURE THAT ILLUSTRATES THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE PROBLEM BELOW. YOUR PICTURE SHOULD INCLUDE AN INDICATION OF THE COORDINATE SYSTEM YOU WOULD USE TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM AND THE DIRECTION OF THE ACCELERATION FOR THE PROBLEM. A swing ride at a carnival consists of chairs that are swung in a (horizontal) circle by a 15 m cable attached to a vertical rotating pole. The cable makes a 60 degree angle with the vertical rotating pole.

DRAW A FREE BODY DIAGRAM FOR CART 2. At an airport, luggage is unloaded from a plane into the three cars of a luggage carrier as shown in the drawing. The whole carrier accelerates to the right, as shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the cart and the ground is  k.

mg Friction N 30 o T a = 0 v = constant USING THE FREE BODY DIAGRAM, FIND THE EQUATIONS THAT DESCRIBE THE MOTION OF THE OBJECT IN THE X and Y DIRECTION. DO NOT SOLVE THEM.

P – mg sin35 o – F = 0 N – mg cos35 o = 0 F =  N Where you will need to use: m = 96 kg g = 9.8 m/s 2  = 0.5 SOLVE THE FOLLOWING EQUATIONS TO FIND THE FORCE, P.

Thoughts: Building a mental picture of what is happening in a problem is the most formidable problem our students face. Once they have a picture, they can extract the relevant info. Math is the least of their problems.

Continuing Work *Data collected on subsequent exams in Fall 2013 and into Fall 2014 *Anecdotally noted improvement for individuals who targeted work based on P.S. outcome. Still analyzing data. *Low number statistics problem -This year looking at ability to identify information in words. -Working on extracting the information