Chapter 6.3 Acids, Bases, and pH. What are acids? substances that give up (donate) hydrogen ions when you dissolve them in water. the donated hydrogen.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

General Chemistry Spring 2010

Advertisements

General Properties Indicators Neutralization Reactions

Intro to Acids & Bases General Properties Indicators Neutralization Reactions.

PH The wonders of water!. Acids Any compound that GIVES OFF H+ ions in solution Any compound that GIVES OFF H+ ions in solution Ex. HCl H+ and Cl- Ex.

NOTES 10 – Acids, Bases, & pH.

Acids, Bases, and pH. Acids and Bases Acids produce H + ions which react with water to form hydronium (H 3 O + ) ions Bases produce OH - ions.

Chapter 19 Acids and Bases. Questions for Today 1. What are the physical and chemical property of Acids and Bases? 2. How do you classify solutions as.

Chapter 9 Acids & Bases.

Families of Chemical Compounds – Acids & Bases

Chemistry Notes: Acids and Bases

ACIDS AND BASES. Acids  Acidic solutions contain water and hydrogen ions (H+)

Chapter 9 Section 1.  D12 - Explain the chemical composition of acids and bases, and explain the change of pH in neutralization reactions.

Acids and Bases A Short Introduction Acids and Bases Are Everywhere Look around you and every liquid you see will probably be either an acid or a base.

Acids and bases. What is an ACID? An acid is a substance (compound) that contains an H+ ion attached to it. This is really a “loose” definition. Not entirely.

Chapter 14: Acids and Bases and pH

Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Solutions, Acids, and Bases Chapter 8. What Are Acids? acid - a compound that dissolves in water to increase the number of hydronium ions, H 3 O +, in.

Acids, Bases & pH. What are Acids? Acids taste SOUR –Lemons, vinegar Compounds that have Hydrogen (H + ) as their cation. Examples: –HCl – Hydrochloric.

pH, Acidic and Basic Solutions

Acids and Bases. Acids: Compounds that dissociate (give off) one or more hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water (proton donors) Bases: Compounds that.

Chapter 3: Acids, Bases, & Solutions solution- a mixture containing a solvent and at least 1 solute and has the same properties throughout. solvent- the.

Acids and Bases. Solutions homogeneous mixtures in which one substance is dissolved into another the “solute” dissolves in the “solvent” example: Kool-Aid.

Acids and Bases.

Acids are electrolytes that: þ Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water – always listed first in the formula þ Turn blue litmus red þ Taste sour þ Corrode.

Acids and alkalis Solutions can be sorted by whether they are: acid, alkali or neutral. When a substance dissolves in water it makes a solution.

Acids and Bases. A. Definitions 1. Acid releases hydrogen ions (H + ) 2. Bases release hydroxide ions (OH - ) 3. pH scale – measures how acidic or basic.

ACIDS, BASES, & SALTS ACIDS Contain hydrogen ions, H + also called hydronium ions, H 3 O + Taste sour (remember not to taste chemicals as a rule) Dangerous.

 Acids and Bases 8 th gr. Chemistry. Acids  Forms hydronium ions H 3 O+ when reacting with water  Sour taste  Corrosive  Conducts electricity  Can.

Acids & Bases Chapter Chapter 10 Chemical Compounds Ionic Compounds  Formed by oppositely charged ions  Metal and nonmetal  Properties  Brittle.

Acids  Substances that donate hydrogen ions (H + ) to water to form H 3 O +  Called the hydronium ion  Examples of Acids  HCl hydrochloric acid used.

Acids and Bases PS-3.8 Classify various solutions as acids or bases according to their physical properties, chemical properties (including neutralization.

Chapter 8 Acids, Bases, and pH.

Acids and Bases The pH scale What do vinegar, lemons, and orange juice have in common?

Acids, Bases and pH. 1. Acids Any compound that GIVES OFF H+ ions in solution Any compound that GIVES OFF H+ ions in solution Ex. HCl H+ and Cl- Ex. HCl.

PH “Power of Hydrogen”. Water and pH Acids: When poured into water, it gives up H (hydrogen) to the water. Bases: When a base is poured into water, it.

ACIDS and BASES Target: I will be able to define what makes something an acid or a base. I will be able to tell on a pH scale if something is an acid or.

Acids and Bases. Acid: A compound that when written, generally has hydrogen written first Produces hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) when dissolved in water.

Acids & Bases Chapter 9. Arrhenius Acid DEFINITION Any substance that releases hydrogen ions in water. Any substance that releases hydrogen ions in water.EQUATION:

Acids and Bases Chapter 32.

Acids, Bases & pH. WATER Before understanding Acids and Bases, you must understand water. 1. It is a polar covalent molecule. Like a magnet

Acids, Bases, and Salts Get to know them!. Facts about Acids and Bases An acid is a substance that produces Hydrogen Ions ( H + ). A bases is a substance.

Acids and Bases. Acids When acids dissolve in water, they ionize (form ions). When acids ionize, they form H+ ions. These H+ ions give acids their properties.

The pH Scale The measure of the difference between acids, bases and salts.

1. ACIDS AND BASES Name some acids and bases that are familiar to you. 2.

Acids & Bases. What are Acids and Bases..? What do we think about when we hear the words acids or bases? Sometimes we tend to think of a chemistry laboratory.

UNIT 11 ACIDS, BASES & SALTS Ch. 8.

Mrs. Brostrom Integrated Science.  An acid is any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) when dissolved in water  The hydronium.

Acids and Bases. Have you ever wondered, “Why do foods taste sour or bitter?”

Acids and Bases. Acid: Any substance that gives a H + ion when dissolved in water. –Results in an excess of H 3 O + (hydronium) ions in a solution.

Acids and Bases Name some acids and bases that are familiar to you.

Properties of Acids and Bases Chemistry Spring 2014.

1 Acids and Bases Can you name some common acids and bases that we use everyday?

Objectives l PSc –Summarize the characteristics and interactions of acids and bases.

Acids and Bases Chapter 3 Section 2 p Vocabulary: 1. acid 2. indicator 3. base.

1 Acids and Bases Can you name some common acids and bases that we use everyday?

Acids and Bases Part2: Bases. Arrhenius’ Definitions A base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions in solution OH-(aq) Sodium hydroxide NaOH(aq)

Acids and Bases. Indentifying Properties Acids Sharp, sour, or tart taste Turn litmus paper red Phenolphthalein (liquid indicator) remains clear React.

And the Indicators that tell the story….

Solutions, Acids, and Bases Section 3 Acids, Bases, and pH

Acids, Bases, and pH.

Acids, Bases, and Salts.

Acids and Bases Science 10.

Glencoe: Chapter 24 Sections 3 and 4 Pages

Physical Science Acids, Bases, & pH.

Acids, Bases, and Salts.

Acids and Bases 1) Properties and examples 2) Theories 3) pH scale

Describing Acids and Bases

Describing Acids and Bases

Presentation transcript:

Chapter 6.3 Acids, Bases, and pH

What are acids? substances that give up (donate) hydrogen ions when you dissolve them in water. the donated hydrogen ions H+ become bonded to water molecules, turning into H 3 O + ions, called hydronium ions.

Characteristics of Acids sour taste caustic (burns skin) turns litmus paper pink (red) solutions conduct electricity everyday examples: citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, limes) vinegar

common acids (page 201) HCl - hydrochloric acid H 2 SO 4 - sulfuric acid HNO 3 - nitric acid

What are bases? slippery (great for making soap!) bitter taste turns litmus paper blue solutions conduct electricity produce -OH (hydroxide) ions when dissolved in water

Common bases (page 202) KOH - potassium hydroxide NaOH - sodium hydroxide- (common name=lye) Ca(OH) 2 - calcium hydroxide NH 3 - ammonia

Indicators substances you add to see if something (another substance) is an acid or a base. pink (usually called red, but it really isn’t) turns blue when substance is a base blue litmus turns pink (“red”) when acid pH paper turns various colors, which indicate strength of acid or base

Other indicators Red Cabbage Juice - stinks, but makes really great colors that tell us whether substances are acids or bases.

Indicator If you miss the indicator lab planned for section 6.3, be sure you get the results from another student, or Mrs. Peterson.

pH scale is neutral - not an acid, not a base distilled water is neutral below 7 is acidic lower the number, the stronger the acid above 7 is basic higher the number, the stronger the base

Neutralization reaction What do you do when you have some strong acid and don’t want it anymore? Pour it down the drain? Bad idea. Equally bad idea would be pouring a strong base down the drain. Both acids and bases can really do damage to materials.

Neutralization to the rescue! But if you add an acid and a base together, look what happens - HCl + NaOH ----> NaCl + H 2 O

Neutralization Now instead of two substances that could harm your plumbing pipes, HCl (hydrochloric acid) and NaOH, sodium hydroxide), you’ve combined them and they form harmless NaCl, a salt, and water.

Salt Note: NaCl is what we call salt in everyday life. But it’s just an example of what chemists call “salt”- in chemistry A SALT IS A COMPOUND FORMED WHEN YOU COMBINE AN ACID AND A BASE.

Salt Text definition: an ionic compound composed of cations bonded to anions. The anion comes from the acid (HCl gives up Cl - ) The cation comes from the base (NaOH gives up Na + ) Now the H from the acid and the OH from the base get together to form H-OH, or H 2 O

Neutralization You will not completely neutralize an acid and a base unless you have just the right amounts and just the right strengths. This makes sense. If you had a large amount of some really strong acid, obviously throwing a few Tums (antacid) into the acid isn’t going to help much!

Home safety DO NOT mix home cleaning products unless you know exactly what is in them. Mixing: Ammonia and bleach or Vinegar and bleach produce dangerous substances!