2.4.1 Structural design and Bridge Construction By: Maxim Shershenv P.O.E VAHS 5/20/14

Design Brief Client: VAHS-Mr.Bohem Target Consumer: Bridge user Problem Statement: Bridge builders need a sturdy and cheap design for a bridge that will withstand the forces of trucks and cars traveling on it. It must be cheap and reliable. Design Statement: Design, market, test, and mass produce a fully functioning bridge with minimal cost. Constraints: -minimal cost -withstands all forces -24ft about lake -no arches -has a flat reinforced concrete deck -10 meters wide

Research summary In order to prepare me to design this bridge I looked at a few templates on the program as well as read the introductory information. I also have some previous knowledge with this type of program.

Brainstorming This design was cheap and almost withstood the forces of the truck, yet failed to have enough strength in the center.

Modification Sketches More braces were used in this design but it cost too much.Therefore I changed it to have more strength in the middle so that the weight was distributed.

Final Bridge Design This is my final design, I choose it because it worked and was fairly cheap. It does a good job in distributing the weight.

Final Reports cost calculations Dennis H. Mahan Memorial Bridge Project ID: 00001A-Exploring Iteration #8 (Tue, 20 May 2014, 12:02:12) Type of Cost Item Cost Calculation Cost Material Cost (M) Carbon Steel Solid Bar (45586.5 kg) x ($4.50 per kg) x (2 Trusses) = $410,278.35 Connection Cost (C) (24 Joints) x (500.0 per joint) x (2 Trusses) = $24,000.00 Product Cost (P) 52 - 140x140 mm Carbon Steel Bar (%s per Product) = $1,000.00 Site Cost (S) Deck Cost (11 4-meter panels) x ($4,700.00 per panel) = $51,700.00 Excavation Cost (0 cubic meters) x ($1.00 per cubic meter) = $0.00 Abutment Cost (2 standard abutments) x ($5,500.00 per abutment) = $11,000.00 Pier Cost No pier = $0.00 Cable Anchorage Cost No anchorages = $0.00 Total Cost M + C + P + S $410,278.35 + $24,000.00 + $1,000.00 + $62,700.00 = $497,978.35

Final design load test calculaation Dennis H. Mahan Memorial Bridge Project ID: 00001A-Exploring Designed By: Maxim Shershnev # Material Type Cross Section Size (mm) Length (m) Compression Force Compression Strength Compression Status Tension Force Tension Strength Tension Status 1 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 1325.45 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 2 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 2048.20 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 3 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 2133.40 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 4 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 2154.72 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 5 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 1366.41 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 6 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 1394.29 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 7 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 1377.66 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 8 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 2161.48 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 9 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 2130.11 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 10 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 1881.82 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 11 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.00 1627.61 2633.62 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 12 CS Solid Bar 140x140 3.20 0.00 3169.65 OK 2121.75 4655.00 OK 13 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.47 0.00 2315.16 OK 2110.44 4655.00 OK 14 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.47 0.00 2315.16 OK 2435.70 4655.00 OK 15 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.27 0.00 2449.45 OK 2370.35 4655.00 OK 16 CS Solid Bar 140x140 8.38 0.00 712.43 OK 1957.77 4655.00 OK 17 CS Solid Bar 140x140 8.38 0.00 712.43 OK 1966.90 4655.00 OK 18 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.27 0.00 2449.45 OK 2342.59 4655.00 OK 19 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.92 0.00 2018.88 OK 2290.81 4655.00 OK 20 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.30 0.00 2429.80 OK 2326.80 4655.00 OK 21 CS Solid Bar 140x140 2.83 0.00 3407.97 OK 2301.78 4655.00 OK 22 CS Solid Bar 140x140 3.20 899.94 3169.65 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 23 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.92 0.00 2018.88 OK 529.32 4655.00 OK 24 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.92 320.97 2018.88 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK

Continued load test results 25 CS Solid Bar 140x140 6.80 345.27 1082.12 OK 81.92 4655.00 OK 26 CS Solid Bar 140x140 6.80 292.53 1082.12 OK 38.16 4655.00 OK 27 CS Solid Bar 140x140 8.25 357.52 736.00 OK 58.10 4655.00 OK 28 CS Solid Bar 140x140 8.25 619.09 736.00 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 29 CS Solid Bar 140x140 10.69 371.11 438.06 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 30 CS Solid Bar 140x140 10.69 401.28 438.06 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 31 CS Solid Bar 140x140 8.25 588.22 736.00 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 32 CS Solid Bar 140x140 8.25 433.61 736.00 OK 47.13 4655.00 OK 33 CS Solid Bar 140x140 6.80 281.39 1082.12 OK 93.21 4655.00 OK 34 CS Solid Bar 140x140 6.80 263.62 1082.12 OK 213.86 4655.00 OK 35 CS Solid Bar 140x140 5.15 485.13 1877.71 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 36 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.74 382.36 2135.99 OK 62.97 4655.00 OK 37 CS Solid Bar 140x140 2.83 375.88 3407.97 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 38 CS Solid Bar 140x140 10.00 1.91 500.48 OK 172.15 4655.00 OK 39 CS Solid Bar 140x140 10.00 0.00 500.48 OK 166.14 4655.00 OK 40 CS Solid Bar 140x140 7.21 899.77 962.46 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 41 CS Solid Bar 140x140 7.21 898.27 962.46 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 42 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.47 0.00 2315.16 OK 620.19 4655.00 OK 43 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.47 0.00 2315.16 OK 599.04 4655.00 OK 44 CS Solid Bar 140x140 6.95 448.31 1037.26 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 45 CS Solid Bar 140x140 5.15 548.22 1877.71 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 46 CS Solid Bar 140x140 5.70 0.00 1539.94 OK 512.20 4655.00 OK 47 CS Solid Bar 140x140 6.95 446.03 1037.26 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 48 CS Solid Bar 140x140 5.15 566.55 1877.71 OK 0.00 4655.00 OK 49 CS Solid Bar 140x140 5.70 0.00 1539.94 OK 509.68 4655.00 OK 50 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.74 0.00 2135.99 OK 475.13 4655.00 OK 51 CS Solid Bar 140x140 4.74 0.00 2135.99 OK 443.78 4655.00 OK 52 CS Solid Bar 140x140 7.00 0.00 1021.39 OK 254.47 4655.00 OK

Member property

Final Design Justification I used the regular carbon-steel solid bar truss so that it would be cheaper and yet still strong. The truss configuration was resembling a arch bridge that was turned upside-down.

References -Mr.Boehm -West Point Bridge Designer Templates -Previous Knowledge

Conclusion How does the type and direction of stress applied affect the selection of the material type and the cross-sectional area? -If stress is applied downward then it is good to use a stronger metal of it is connection pieces a weaker metal can be used.

Conclusion How can the forces of compression and tension work together to make a stronger bridge? - By using a design that has both compression and tension factors incorporated into it, the designer will be able to distribute the weight of the load and therefore increase efficiently and lower cost by using the optimal material for the relating force.