Screen Printing. The process of forcing ink through a porous fabric and the open areas of a stencil to produce an image.

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Presentation transcript:

Screen Printing

The process of forcing ink through a porous fabric and the open areas of a stencil to produce an image.

Two terms commonly used: Serigraphy (in the field of fine arts) and Screen Printing used in the graphic communications industry.

Applications for Screen Printing: Posters Plastic bottles Drinking glasses Soda bottles Mirrors, metal surfaces Wood Textiles Printed circuit boards Product displays Vinyl binders

Advantages of Screen Printing Images can be printed on a wide variety of substrates The production process is relatively easy. Capital expenditures are low compared to other printing processes Images can be printed with glitter, flock, and other decorative finishes. The ink film is very resilient due to the extreme thickness of the ink deposit

Disadvantages of Screen Printing The process is usually limited to flat, relatively thin substrates, such as paper, metal, or plastic. Rate of production is slow. Ink mileage is poor. Excessive drying times may be necessary. Details and fine line images may be difficult to print.

Basic Equipment for Screen Printing: Screen fabric Frame Stencil Ink Squeegee Substrate

Squeegee blades Square edged: flat surfaces and general purpose printing Square-edge with round corners: Gives extra-heavy ink deposits on flat substrates. Used when a light color will be printed on a dark substrate. Round-edge: Used primarily in textile printing where an extra-heavy ink film is required. Single-sided beveled edge: Used for printing on glass.

Squeegee Blade Shapes (con ’ t.) Double-sided beveled edge with flat point. Used for printing on ceramics Double-sided beveled edge. Used for printing on cylindrical objects such as bottles and containers.

Squeegee Blade Shapes

Screen Inks Water Based Oil Based

Screen Printing Solvents Water Mineral Spirits (or mineral spirits substitute)

Screen Frames Wood Aluminum Steel Plastic

Screen Fabrics Filaments are threads Multifilament – sewing thread example Monofilament – fishing line example Mesh count = number of threads per linear inch The higher the mesh count, the better the reproduction of fine details.

Mesh Count (con ’ t.) Multifilament ranges from 5 to 25. Multiply the digit by 10 to get an approximate number of threads per linear inch. Monofilament are specified by actual number of threads per linear inch.

Fabric Strength X XX XXX Most screen printers select XX multifilament or T- monofilament.

Types of Fabric Silk - most expensive Organdy - cheapest Polyester - middle of the road Nylon - used for non-flat substrates Metal Mesh - most durable, but expensive Metalized Polyester - durable but not too expensive

Fabric Attaching and Tensioning Stapling Cord and Groove Mechanical Clamping Adhesive Bonding Measuring Fabric Tension - tensiometer Fabric Treatment - abrading

Stencils Knife-cut stencils – Paper stencils, water-soluble stencils,lacquer-soluble stencils Photographic Stencils – indirect, direct, direct/indirect

Screen Printing at Pope Aluminum Roller Frames XX, monofilament, polyester mesh Photographic direct emulsion Plastisol (oil based) ink Mineral spirits substitute Emulsion removed and screen cleaned with special solvents and water.