Ch 2 Mythology Anthropology 5 Magic, Science & Religion Ch 2 Mythology Anthropology 5 Magic, Science & Religion.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Today’s Objectives: To become familiar with the various theories of the origins of myths To differentiate between classical and primitive myths.
Advertisements

Genre: a distinctive category of literary composition.
AMERICAN LITERATURE I Cultural Mythology What is myth? A good question. Myth is often thought of as a story that is not true, a legend, or a folktale.
Chapter 2. Mythology  The most common mythology people think of is Greek:  m8W5RZes.
Archetypes Carl Jung Joseph Campbell. Man as a Symbol-Making Person Are these pictures signs or symbols?
Myth defined… Religious, sacred, stories that provide basis for beliefs/practices Origins of humanity, creation of the universe, nature of death/illness.
+ Carl Jung and Psychology James A. Van Slyke. + Carl Jung ( ) Swiss Psychiatrist Father – Protestant Minister Mother – Interested in Spirituality.
Analytic Approaches to Literature (Overview) Definition of Analysis: the examination of smaller parts and their relation to the larger whole. The Major.
Who is the woman in this image? Mean = Penelope 2.Athena 3.Sisyphus’ Wife 4.Faustina.
Ways of Interpreting Myth: Modern
Ways of Interpreting Myth: Star Wars and the Greeks Ancient Vs. Modern.
Ancient Greece is well known for its stories of _____________________________. The word myth comes from the ancient Greek word ______________, which means.
Native American Mythology. Oral Tradition Before the arrival of Europeans and the spread of European influence, Native Americans did not use written languages.
Ch 2 Mythology Anthropology 5 Magic, Science & Religion Ch 2 Mythology Anthropology 5 Magic, Science & Religion Spring 2011 Katherine Schaefers, Instructor.
Archetypes And “Star Wars”. What is an Archetype? An archetype is a universal symbolic pattern. Examples of archetypal characters are the femme fatale,
Genre: a distinctive category of literary composition Literature Genre: marked by distinctive style, form and content. One is just right for YOU!
Junior English 2014 Mrs. Wells
Unit 1: Communication, Meaning, and Re-membering.
Mythology.
SYMBOLIC Names: Scholars Concept:
Mythology Introduction Essential Questions: 1. What are myths? 2. Myths, legends, fables, folktales: What are the differences? 3. When does myth become.
Native American Literature “When you write things down, you don’t have to remember them. But for us it is different…All that we are, all that we have ever.
WHAT IS MYTH? A traditional, typically ancient, story dealing with supernatural, ancestors or heroes in the worldview of a people by explaining the natural.
 Central human figure dominating pendant animals symbolizes Man’s authority over Nature  Above: The ‘Mistress of Beasts’ [Potnia Theron ] in a 6th.
Early Goddesses Hinduism Greeks Romans Christianity Egypt & Mesopotamia Judaism Islam PREHISTORY See Marianne Ferguson’s Women and Religion, Chapters 1,2,3.
Genre: Folk Tale A folk tale is a story that has no known author and was originally passed on from one generation to another by word of mouth Usually dealt.
 Mythology is a collection of myths, especially those belonging to a particular religious or cultural tradition.  A myth is a traditional story, usually.
FOLKLORE Folklore can be defined as all the traditions, customs, and stories that are passed along by word of mouth in a culture. Folklore includes legends,
The Fantastic Fantasy and Science Fiction. Fantastic Stories Fantastic Stories ask us to imagine alternative worlds, which challenge and provoke controversy.
World Myths and Folktales English II. Myth and Folktales  The world’s oldest stories  Passed on by word of mouth from generation to generation  These.
Foundations of Early Literature. Before We Begin Reading... You now have some of the historical background knowledge needed to begin reading literature.
MYTHS. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS TO EXPLORE What are myths? (Monday) What are the stories we are a part of? (Wednesday—small group) What are the myths that.
Joseph Campbell The Hero’s Journey. General Beliefs Student of Freud and Jung Student of Freud and Jung Archetypes Archetypes Collective Unconscious Collective.
Spirituality, Religion, and the Supernatural. What Are Religion and Spirituality? Spirituality Spirituality, which also concerns the supernatural, involves.
The Hero’s Journey: A Summary of the Hero Cycle or Hero MonoMyth or Hero MonoMyth.
Activator  INSTRUCTIONS: Respond to the following questions, drawing on any previous knowledge you have about these terms.  What do you think qualifies.
Myths, Legends, Fables, Tall Tales, Fairy Tales and Drama
ARCHETYPAL THEORY. In Your Groups: Brainstorm as many typical elements of a hero and the hero’s quest To consider: Where did your prior knowledge come.
Comic Superheroes: The New Mythology. Mythology of the past vs today  In ancient Greece, and other early civilizations, stories would be passed from.
World Myths and Folktales. Myths and Folktales:  world’s oldest stories, passed on by word of mouth from generation to generation  vital to modern readers/reveal.
Chapter Twenty-Four Lecture Two Theories of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.
MYTHS AND FOLKTALES. Myths and Folktales… 1. Tell about the beginnings of things. 2. Include marvelous events. 3. Tell the adventures and deeds of heroes.
Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth The Hero’s Journey Joseph Campbell An American professor, writer, and orator best known for his work in the fields of comparative.
Activator: Building Blocks  INSTRUCTIONS: Respond to the following questions, drawing on any previous knowledge you have about these terms.  What do.
What is Myth? Dean Stevens Peer Teaching Classical Mythology Unit.
Mythology An Introduction. What comes to mind when you hear the word “mythology”? For Ms. Seaton Gods and goddesses Gods and goddesses Greece Greece Disney.
The Big Question:  Heroes are all around us. We find them in literature and in the real world.  At the heart of many of the world's most enduring.
ArchetypesMythsFolk Literature Universal Symbols The Hero’s Journey King Arthur Myth and Folk Literature Jeopardy.
Mr. Winters What is a myth? Here is one definition: “a traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event, with or without.
The Stories of Our Lives: Myths and Folk Literature.
Mythology: Theories and Sources How Myths Began Some believe that myths began as historical events that became distorted with the passage of time. Others.
World View, Myths and Folktales. World View/Beliefs In order to better understand literature, the reader needs to understand the author’s world view.
MYTHOLOGY.
What is Mythology?.
ORAL TRADITION IN PRINT: MYTHS AND LEGENDS
Unit I: Mythology Introduction
Archetypes What are they?.
JOURNAL- 9/11 Every culture in the world has a collection of myths recognized by its people. What is one myth you know about? (It has symbols and explains.
MYTHS, LEGENDS, AND FOUNDATION STORIES
Journey of the Hero.
The Myth Introduction.
World Myths And Folktales
The Hero’s Journey A Guide to Literature.
JOURNAL- 9/11 Every culture in the world has a collection of myths recognized by its people. What is one myth you know about? (It has symbols and explains.
Genre: a distinctive category of literary composition
Genre: a distinctive category of literary composition
Myth: A Definition A myth is an anonymous, traditional story that explains varying aspects of a culture. Universal symbols and themes appear in different.
Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth
Mythology
Archetypal Hero.
Presentation transcript:

Ch 2 Mythology Anthropology 5 Magic, Science & Religion Ch 2 Mythology Anthropology 5 Magic, Science & Religion

Myth When we hear myth, we may think of: ◦ Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, the Titans (ancient Greece) ◦ Romulus and Remus (ancient Rome ◦ Isis, Osiris, Horus, Seth (ancient Egypt) ◦ Thor, Odin (ancient Norse) ◦ But myths are not just ancient…

Modern “major” religions have their myths… Adam & Eve (Judaism & Christianity) Brahma, Krishna, Vishnu, many more (Hinduism) The Jade Emperor/Heavenly Grandfather (Taosim) Muhammad and the Angel Gabriel (Islam)

Myth defined… Religious, sacred, stories that provide basis for beliefs/practices Origins of humanity, creation of the universe, nature of death/illness Lay the founding for values/morals Can be passed down verbally or in writing

Worldview Myths help to shape a society’s worldview, the way they look at reality. ◦ Navajo vs. Judeo-Christian  Act in part w/ nature vs. control nature

Myths vs. Legends vs. Folktales Myth: Regarded to be true, accepted on faith, provides moral/ethical authority (takes place in a remote time/place)

Myths vs. Legends vs. Folktales Myth: Regarded to be true, accepted on faith, provides moral/ethical authority (takes place in a remote time/place) Legend: Based on real people, considered (mostly) fact, sometimes has to do w/ religion. Examples?

Myths vs. Legends vs. Folktales Myth: Regarded to be true, accepted on faith, provides moral/ethical authority (takes place in a remote time/place) Legend: Based on real people, considered (mostly) fact, sometimes has to do w/ religion. Examples? Folktales: Fiction, meant for entertainment/non-religious. Examples?

Changing nature of Myth If passed down verbally… ◦ Slight alterations with each retelling ◦ Meaning of parts may change depending on the orator’s emphasis. ◦ Remember more completely what is most interesting about the story. ◦ Ex: Illiad (Troy) & Atlantis

Changing nature of Myth If passed down in writing… ◦ Change in written language/translation to other languages may also change the meaning. ◦ Scribal errors may omit from or accidentally add to the myth.

Transmission discrepancies not the only reason Myths change… Changing society, changing culture, changing religion, so….change the mythology. Ex: Ptolemy, Egypt, Greece and Rome ◦ Syncretism  The melding of diff. myths and religions with the goal of creating a mutually agreeable religion between disparate cultures. Ex: Egypt and Christianity ◦ Isis/Horus vs. Mary/Jesus

Analyzing Myth Evolutionary Approach (outdated): ◦ How “primitive” societies advanced to more “civilized ones by starting with myth/magic, advancing to religion, and then finally reaching the pinnacle (science). ◦ Comparative Approach: By comparing the mythology of “primitive” societies, could get at a “common form” of myth which was seen as also occurring in early European society.  Good ex: Frazer, The Golden Bough

Analyzing Myth Functional Approach: ◦ Focuses on outcome: What is the function? What does the myth do? ◦ Franz Boas: myths as a source of ethnographic data. A literal reflection of culture. ◦ Malinowski: myths help explain religious rituals and social/moral rules.

Analyzing Myth Structural Approach: ◦ What is the structure of myth? ◦ Based on Levi-Strauss: myth as binary opposites  Light/dark, day/night, male/female

Analyzing Myth Psychological Approach: ◦ Sees myth as composed of symbols ◦ Sigmund Freud: Myth as a “shared dream”/childhood experiences (mother/father figure) becomes myth (god/creation figure). ◦ Carl Jung: Our brains have “Archetypes” or certain characters that we, humans, have in our unconscious:  “The Prodigal Son” “the Hero” “the Helper” “The Fool” etc.: these will always pop up not only in myths but also in our stories and fiction. ◦ Collective Unconscious: shared elements of the human unconscious mind that are manifested in myths/dreams.

Themes Origin Myths ◦ Where all other aspects of Myth usually branch out from ◦ Ex: Egypt Flood Myths ◦ Part of our collective unconscious because of our need to use the restroom during the night? -or- Natural occurrence for those who live close to rivers/oceans/seas ◦ Ex: Atlantis Trickster Myths ◦ Bringing a certain element into creation, often by the use of wily, sneaky ways. ◦ Ex: Prometheus Hero Myths ◦ A hero departs from ordinary life to pursue adventure. Here in a realm filled with supernatural wonders, he prevails against certain trials/foes, returning to humanity with some sort of boon. This is, as defined by Joseph Campbell the monomyth ◦ Ex: Hercules