Elements of Language Ch. 13: Parts of a Sentence.

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Presentation transcript:

Elements of Language Ch. 13: Parts of a Sentence

Sentence (Definition) A word or word group that contains a subject and a verb and that expresses a complete thought.

Fragment or Sentence? 1)After we went to the game. 2)Because she was alone. 3)She was alone. 4)The man with the creepy grin. 5)The man with the creepy grin ate cheetos.

Subjects and Predicates What is a subject?

Subject (definition) Performs an action in a sentence (what the sentence is about).

True or False? The sentence MUST begin with the subject.

Random Dr. Maier Knowledge Synthetic vs. Analytical Languages Synthetic languages like Latin, Russian, and German use grammatical cases to determine meaning. Analytical languages like English, French, and Spanish rely on word order for meaning.

Examples German: Meinem Vater gebe ich das Brot. (“To my father I give the bread”) Das Brot gebe ich meinem Vater. (“The bread I give to my father.”) Den Mann sehe ich nicht gut. (“The man I do not see well”)

Predicate (Definition) Tells us what the subject is or is doing. The predicate depends on the subject!

Types of Predicates 1)Complete predicate vs. Simple predicate Zum Beispiel: Santa Claus jumped down the chimney and dropped the guns. Complete predicate: jumped down the chimney; dropped the guns Simple predicate: jumped; dropped

Defined The complete predicate consists of a verb and all the words that describe the verb and complete its meaning. The simple predicate is the main verb of the sentence. It tells us what the subject is doing.

The Understood Subject Please throw the computer out the window. Please delete your Aunt as a friend. Don’t follow Ray Rice on Twitter!

Compound Subjects and Compound Verbs Muy fácil: Compound subject: consists of two or more subjects: “Marshawn and Richard played well!” Compound verb: consists of two or more verbs and have same subject: “Marshawn ran and shoved off defenders, demonstrating the glory of beast mode.”

Remember (Muy Importante) The Subject is NEVER in a prepositional phrase. That is NUNCA! NIEMALS! JAMAIS!

Subject Complement Identifies the subject: The food was awesome. Bruce Wayne is Batman.

Predicate Nominative A Noun or pronoun that identifies the subject: Pete Carroll is the coach of the Seahawks. William Faulkner is a great writer.

Predicate Adjective An adjective in the predicate that modifies the subject: The book was highly intriguing. The meal was exquisite.