Energy Renewable Energy in Germany Uta Zähringer - RENAC, Athens - September 15, 2009 placeholder partner logo Renewables Academy (RENAC) AG Schönhauser Allee Berlin Tel: +49.(0) Fax: +49.(0)

 The Renewables Academy (RENAC)  Renewable Energy in Germany  Political framework and support schemes for solar power  Integrated Energy and Climate Protection Programme  Renewable Energy Sources Act (RESA)  RESA 2009 – Amendments for Photovoltaic Content

Renewables Academy AG (RENAC) –

RENAC: training facilities - Numerous technologies can be demonstrated in the RENAC Training Centre. Components of renewable energies technologies: Solar thermal Photovoltaic Bioenergy Heat Pumps Small wind-power systems Components of energy efficiency technologies: Motors Pumps Pressurized air systems Control technologies Ventilation and air conditioning Heating systems Lighting System

Development of renewable energy sector in Germany I Statistics and energy market share Source: BMU: –energien.de; Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen in in 2008 Share of RE in total final energy consumption for heat Share of RE in total final energy consumption Share of RE in total gross electricity consumption Share of RE in total primary energy consumption Share of RE in fuel consumption for raod traffic * 9.7 in 2008

Development of renewable energy sector in Germany II Business and turnover : total turnover from renewable energy – 28.7 bln € Source: BMU: BSW Solar

Development of renewable energy sector in Germany III Jobs and employment [2004 – 2008] 3,400 9,500 4,300 9,400 96,100 84,300 4,300 9,100 9,300 74,400 95,800 85,100 63,900 56,800 25,100 1,800 50,700 4, ,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,00090,000100,000110,000 Geothermal energy Hydropower Solar energy Biomass Wind energy Public / Non-profit Sector Jobs Increase: approx. 73 % Source: BMU:

Renewable Energy in Germany Government objectives  Integrated Energy and Climate Protection Programme (IECP) with 29 measures (2007)  Objectives [selection]:  40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 compared to 1990  30% of electricity production from renewable energy sources by 2020 [2008: 14.8%]  14% heat supply from renewable energy in 2020 [ 2008 : 7.4 % ]

Key measures under IECP  Combined heat and power – Cogeneration (2009)  Clean power plant technologies  Renewable energy soures – electricity and heat (2009)  Natural gas grid access ordinance (2008)  Amendment of energy conservation regulations  Energy efficiency in buildings  Deregulation of metering  Grid extension – Electricity Transmission Network Extension Act  Energy research and developement Cabinet Conference in Meseberg, August 2007

Development of PV market and legal framework Installed capacity and energy supply from photovoltaic installations in Germany, ,000 3, ,2822, ,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5, [MW p ] ,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6,000 [GWh] Electricity supply [GWh] Installed capacity [MWp] Milestones 1991: First Feed-In Law 1998: Amendment of the Energy Economy Act and Power Market Liberalisation 2000: RESA 2004: 1st RESA Amendment 2009: 2nd RESA Amendment

 Guaranteed grid access for renewable energy plants  Priority is given to the connection of equipment for the production of renewable energy to electricity mains.  Priority of feed-in for renewable electricity, purchase and transmission obligation for utilities  Grid operators are not able to claim another energy source is being used and to refuse energy produced from renewable energy sources.  Fixed feed-in tariffs regulated by law, payed for the duration of 20 years > security of investment Principles of the Renewable Energy Soures Act (RESA)

 Feed-in-tariffs vary according to technology and system size  Defined anual degression for each tariff shall boost new technologies and innovation  Evaluation report of RESA (2009) by the government by 31 December 2011; after that: every four years Principles of the Renewable Energy Soures Act (RESA)

 Faster degression for PV feed-in-tariffs  plants < 100 kW: 8% in 2009, 8% in 2010, 9% from 2011  plants > 100 kW: 10% in 2009, 10% in 2010, 9% from 2011  ground mounted systems: 10% in 2009, 10% in 2010, 9% from 2011 RESA 2009 – Amendments for Photovoltaic I

 New tariff for roof mounted systems > kW  in 2009: 33,00 ct/kWh  degression in 2010: 10%, from 2011: 9%  New bonus for own consumption of PV electricity (net metering)  payment of 25,01 ct/kWh in 2009  consumer saves costs for electricity RESA 2009 – Amendments for Photovoltaic II

 More transparency: establishment of a register for PV plants and obligation to register for all operators of PV plants as of stating location and capacity  Feed-in management for plants > 100 kW: plant will only be connected to the grid if the grid operator can control it remotely  compensation has to be payed  No more bonus for building integration (was 0.05 € per kWh) RESA 2009 – Amendments for Photovoltaic III

Feed-in-tariffs under the RESA 2009 Technology Payment time [years] Feed-in tariff [€cent/kWh] Degression rate annually Wind power (onshore) (…5.02)**1,0% Wind power (offshore) (…3.5)**5% as of 2015 Photovoltaics –43.018% -10% Hydro power < 5 MW Large hydro > 5 MW Biomass % Geothermal energy –16.0 1% * Additional bonus up to 13 €ct/kWh if renewable raw material is used ** The tariff is paid in the beginning and is reduced during the payment time to the lower level Source: RESA