Water Pollution in Hong Kong Group members: Luk Chun Yip (12) Lee Wai Yin (13) Tsang Chi Ho (14) Wong Chi Kit (16) Yuen Kam Fai (20) Law Yan Yi (29) Lee Kwan Yi (30) Biology Project Group 7

Content Origin of water pollution in HK Common water pollutants in HK Effects of water pollution in HK

1.Multiplicity of Sources  Anthropogenic ~household Dirty water is produced when doing some house works like washing dishes. ~industrial During the process of industry like dyeing and bleaching, water is polluted and then discharge to the sea without any treatment. ~commercial Commercial operations and wastewater discharges also pollute the sea.

~farming Fertilizers are used in farming. They may contain some toxic substances like pesticides. ~construction During construction, many wastes are produced. It may also cause underground tank leakage.

2.Lack of Infrastructure  Lacks of treatment facilities  Only 34% of Hong Kong's urban sewage receives primary treatment or better  Sewerage provision Septic tanks

3.Insufficient Control  Illegal connections of waste water pipes The waste water will be discharged directly into sea without treatment.

4.Sediments  Dredging and sea dumping activity  Littering  Clearing and developments adjacent to water bodies  Natural weathering of soils  Sewage discharge Dredging

 Natural Sources ~ Decay of dead plant and animal ~ sewage from animals sources ~ Marine sediments

What are the common water pollutants in Hong Kong?

-Sewage Sewage means polluted water from household, industries or offices. We produce sewage when we wash our dishes and clothes, take a shower, etc. The sewage will be Discharged into the sea by water pipes.

-Oil In addition to the things we have mentioned in the sewage part, oil can also be discharged into the sea by ships and ferries. When they are travelling on the sea, some of the fuel and oil may be discharged into the sea due to bad maintenance.

-Rubbish Rubbish are thrown away by citizens. We can see a lot of plastic bags, tissue papers and plastic bottles floating on the sea when we walk by the seaside. The elderly has a common habit of spitting into the sea, young people like to throw their rubbish into the sea due to convenience. Usually, the architectural waste are also dumped into the sea, these factors seriously pollute the sea.

What are the effects of water pollution?

Marine Animals Mostly affected organisms Cause death due to sewage and lack of sunlight Carries bacteria and heavy metal substances, which affects the food chain

Animals on land and in the sky Absorb heavy metal substances through eating marine animals living in polluted area Cause death due to taking in polluted water Animals in the sky trapped by the crude oil remaining on the water surface when predating

Human and the environment Human becomes sick after taking in polluted water or animals Lack of clean water for maintaining life Cause a bad smell because of the pollutants Damages the environment as it provides a bad habitat for the organisms

The End