Native Bees in Agriculture Annette M. Meredith University of Maryland

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Presentation transcript:

Native Bees in Agriculture Annette M. Meredith University of Maryland

Pollinators Pollinate crops and wild plants Vectors for genetic exchange Essential for obligate mutualisms Habitat provides other ecosystem services Biodiversity value

Pollinators in Peril?

Pollinator Decline Habitat loss due to land use change Parasites, disease Pesticides, herbicides Nonnative pollinators Monocultures GM crops Climate change Protected lands limited

Honeybees

Photo: Keith Delaplane Colony Collapse Disorder

CCD Affected States

Native Pollinators

What is a bee?

Which one is a bee?

Overcoming Aversion to Bees

Term for Non-honeybees Respondent preference N farmers =102 / N sci/mgr =89 Agricultural Producers (%) Scientists Managers (%) Native bees Non-Apis bees Pollen bees Pollinating bees Solitary bees Wild bees7.99.0

Native Bee Diversity

Native Bee Census 12 mixed vegetable farms (MD, PA, WV) 11 CSAs, 1 former farm <15 acres 6 habitat types

Species by Sampling Effort

Native Bee Census >3100 bees 5 families 26 genera 81 species >96% in crop non-Apis Halictids dominate Total abundance, mean abundance and species richness greatest in July compared to June/August

Native Bee Census Average Number of bees / transect Agapostemon virescens (Females) Halictus ligatus (Females) n=128 n=441

Bees on Farms Forage Nest Sites

Sweat Bees Halictidae

Digger Bees Andrena, Colletes…

Bumblebees Bombus

Alkali Bees Nomia melanderi

Squash Bees Peponapsis pruinosa

Leafcutter Bees Megachile

Carpenter Bees Xylocopa, Ceratina

Mason Bees Osmia

Polyester Bees Colletes

Bee Identification

Bee Keys with Photos

Bumblebee ID

Bumblebee Wallet Guide

Acknowledgements Farms Avian Mead Organics, Calvert Farm, Calvert's Gift, Colchester Farm, Cromwell Valley CSA, Eating w/ the Seasons, Even’ Star Organic, Fresh and Local, Fulton Farm, Good Fortune Farm, Mt. Pleasant, One Straw Farm Guidance Michael Paolisso, Sam Droege, David Inouye, Fredrika Moser, Trish Steinhilber, Lori Lynch, Tom Simpson, T’ai Roulston, David Carr, Holly Menninger, Julianna Tuell, Jennifer Reed, Quinn McFrederick, Esther Julier Field Assistance Jacquelyn DeLacerda, Carlos Robles, Holly Menninger, Cara Fiore, Clair Keene, Renee Crane, Crystal Bennett, Eric Elton, Norah Warchola, Kevin Barry, Lila Warren, Josie Huber, Melissa Zwick, Maria Van Dyke, Kristin Henderson Maryland Sea Grant University of Virginia Blandy Experimental Farm USDA Northeast Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Funding

Questions ? Annette M. Meredith University of Maryland