Dr. Intan A Mokhtar Assistant Professor Policy and Leadership Studies National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University 2 – 4 December 2009 Day 2 1IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 2. Instructional Technology Tools (Continuation) 2IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Searching the Web Robotic search engines  Use algorithms or software known as spiders to crawl the Web through hyperlinks, looking for popular or relevant webpages  Two kinds: Regular search engines eg. Google, Live SearchGoogleLive Search Meta-search engines eg. Dogpile, MammaDogpileMamma  Searching of documents and websites on the Web through the use of keywords or search strings 3IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Searching the Web Subject directories  Such as Yahoo, Dmoz Open DirectoryYahooDmoz Open Directory  Shows a list of general subjects eg. News, Science, Health, Arts, Business, etc.  Each category is sub-divided into sub categories eg. Health > fitness, medicine, alternative medicine, etc.  Useful for subject- or discipline-oriented search  Categories and websites are selected by human indexers 4IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Searching the Web Online databases  Collection of documents or bibliographic information related to specific disciplines Documents  full-text database Bibliographic information  index  Requires network connection  Hyperlinking and cross-referencing may be possible  Examples are MedlinePlus, IMDB, DOAJMedlinePlusIMDBDOAJ 5IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 TEA BREAK 6IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 3. Issues 7IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 8IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Issues Knowledge & Skills Security & Privacy Budget Accessibility & Equity Interoperability & Transferability

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 9IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Accessibility & Equity  Not all IT resources are available to all students e.g. students with computer + Internet connection vs. students with only a computer  Some IT resources are freely available while others require subscription or affiliation-based access  Some IT resources are accessible only by those who have specific faculties intact e.g. multimedia video presentation (requires sight + hearing) vs. a textbook (requires sight only)

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 10IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Accessibility & Equity  Different IT resources can provide different quality of information e.g. comparing historical information delivered through an audio recording vs. the same information delivered through a multimedia video presentation

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 11IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Budget  How much money will it involve to procure certain IT resources? Are funds available?  If not, what alternatives are there?  No. of licenses available  can each trainee have access?

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 12IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Interoperability & Transferability  Upgrade from existing set of IT resources  Can older versions be used with the new ones?  Can the new versions be used on different platforms? e.g. Apple iWork (Pages + Keynote + Numbers) in an MS Office Suite (Word + Powerpoint + Excel)

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 13IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Knowledge & Skills  What sort of prior knowledge or skills are required? E.g. some prior programming language?  How much new knowledge or skills are required? E.g. learn a new programming language?  Will the new knowledge or skills be easy to obtained? How much time will be required?

Day 2 Evaluation of IT resources 14IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Security & Privacy  Can the IT resources be used remotely?  Or would a network connection always be required?  If the IT resources are downloaded, are there cookies involved? Will privacy be invaded?  How secure is it to use the IT resource? Risks of viruses or spyware?

Day 2 Evaluation of IT-based information 15IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 5Ws + 1H of IT-based information (Adapted from Schrock, 2009) WHO Who wrote the information and are they experts? Is a biography of the author(s) included? How can I find out more about the author(s)? WHAT What does the author say is the purpose of the information? What else might the author have in mind for the information? What makes the information easy to use?

Day 2 Evaluation of IT-based information 16IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 5Ws + 1H of IT-based information (Adapted from Schrock, 2009) WHEN When was the information created? When was the information last updated? WHERE Where does the information come from? Where can I go to find out more about the information (i.e. references, related readings)?

Day 2 Evaluation of IT-based information 17IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 5Ws + 1H of IT-based information (Adapted from Schrock, 2009) WHY Why is this information useful for my purpose? Why should I use this information? Why is this page better than another? HOW How does this information differ from another that is similar?

Day 2 Evaluation of IT-based information 18IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Search Activity Find information on a specific topic of your choice using: (i) A robotic search engine (ii) A subject directory (iii) An online database Determine the following: a. How many ‘clicks’ you need to make before getting to the information required b. If the information requires subscription c. When the information was last updated d. Who put together/produced the information

Day 2 LUNCH 19IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 4. Assessment 20IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Assessment  Assessment is carried out to determine learning effectiveness and gauge performance or achievement  In other words, assessment is done on the process and product  Formative assessment measures the process  how methods/learning can be improved; strengths and weaknesses  Summative assessment measures the product  how well has something been achieved; ranking system with parameters 21IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Assessment  BOTH formative and summative assessment should be carried out to give a complete picture of the effectiveness + performance  Qualitative and quantitative methods can be done for both formative and summative assessment  Qualitative : descriptive, more subjective  Quantitative: numerical, set parameters 22IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Assessment Qualitative  Blogs – reflection of experiences, learning process, identification of strengths and weaknesses  Discussion forums – sharing of ideas, critique of one another’s ideas  Wikis – collection of information that has been built collaboratively (improvement of one another’s contributions) 23IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Blogs, Reflective journals and Discussion forums  Blogs  Blogger, Live Journal, Word Press, etc.  Discussion boards or forums  allow you to be the administrator (control content and membership) Freeboards Freeboards – free web hosting, decide on URL name, link from own website, requires registration Yahoo GroupYahoo Group– free, on Yahoo site only, requires registration, security may be questioned phpBBphpBB – free open source software, downloadable and to be hosted on your own server 24IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Blogs, Reflective journals and Discussion forums  Wikis  allow you to create a sharing space BUT you can also control if it is for content contribution or reading only WikispacesWikispaces – free and paid plans available, WYSIWYG editing, 2GB file storage on server, requires registration WikisiteWikisite – free, WYSIWYG editing, requires registration, 3 hosting solutions (personal, group or advanced) Common wikis include WikipediaWikimapiaNUS WikiWikimapiaNUS Wiki 25IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 TEA BREAK 26IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Assessment Quantitative  Online tests and quizzes – to assess content knowledge and understanding; to compare across students  Some are created directly and stored on a central server  Some require software to be downloaded onto your own computer and thereafter uploaded onto a central server 27IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Hot Potatoes, Easy Test Maker and Quiz Center  Hot Potatoes – freeware, requires software to be downloaded onto your computer. Completed quizzes can be uploaded onto the Web. Hot Potatoes  Easy Test Maker – free but registration required (including and postal address). Immediate use of default package upon registration. Extra features available with subscription. Easy Test Maker  Quiz Center – free but registration required (including address only). Much easier access. Quiz Center  Class Marker Class Marker 28IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 Exam Builder, Clickers  Exam Builder – used by Fortune 500 companies, timed examinations; statistics provided; 30-day free evaluation account; after that subscription required; hosted and managed solution Exam Builder  Clickers – remote personal response system; NOT for free, purchase required; use radio or infra-red frequency for each clicker to communicate with the receiving station on the instructor’s computer; provide immediate feedback to MCQs or T-F questions 29IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

Day 2 End of Day 2 30IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005