Anatomy and Physiology By: Gabriela Alvarez

The Human Body  Human body has a head, neck, trunk (thorax, abdomen), two arms and hands and two legs and feet.  Studying the human body involves anatomy and physiology.  Physiology is the study of function in the human body.  Homeostasis, nerves  There 12 systems in the human body  Anatomy is the study of structure in the human body  Location of bones  Composition of body

Composition  The body is composed of:  3% nitrogen  10% hydrogen  18% carbon  65% oxygen  Body contains abut 65% water

Anatomical terms  Superior: top  The head is superior to the feet  Inferior: bottom  The feet are inferior to the head  Anterior: front  The eyes are anterior to the back of the head  Posterior: back  The eyes are posterior to the nose  Medial: middle  The heart is medial to the left arm  Lateral: sides  The left arm is lateral to the heart.

Systems of the body  Integumentary: skin, hair, nails  Skeletal: bones supporting body and organs  Nervous: collects and process info through nerves and the brain.  Cardiovascular: heart pumping blood  Endocrine: hormones  Muscular: muscle movement  Lymphatic: supplies fluid to blood  Respiratory: delivers oxygen to blood  Urinary: removes waste  Reproductive: sex organs  Digestive: processes food  Immune: fights off diseases.

Homeostasis  Regulates internal environment  Nervous system helps with transmitting info from body to brain  Endocrine system releases hormones to regulate blood pressure and volume  Cell metabolism maintains blood pH.  Maintains a stable temperature and acid balance pH (7)  This is needed so the body can function properly.