Porter and Stout PUBS January, 2014 General Meeting

Porter and Stouts  Style originated in the early 1700's by blending beers - ale, mild beer and stale.  First brewed in 1722 to mimic the blended style.  Took on the name of "Porter" as it gained popularity with the working class.  Primarily brewed with Brown Malt.  By 1812 five London breweries were producing over 120,000 barrels annually, with one brewery, Barclay Perkins turning out 270,000 barrels. The largest London ale brewery only produced 20,000 barrels annually.

Porter and Stout  Strong Porters developed from the first mash runnings became very popular. These were known as "Stout" Porters. Thus the creation of the Stout style.  Porters where generally age 5 to 6 months before served. To speed the process, or "harden" the beer, breweries began to blend new "mild" porters with aged stale porters.  Some breweries use sulfuric acid as a cheap way to harden beer.  As beer taxation rose, brewer started to add molasses and burnt sugar to make up for color and alcohol loss due to less malt being used.

Porter and Stout  After almost 100 years after it's inception, porter brewers began to use pail and amber malts. Color additives used to darken the beer.  1817, Daniel Wheeler, invented a roasting process that used a drum and water mist to produce a deeply, almost charcoal like, roasted malt call "Black Patent Malt".  This malt allowed brewers to darken their porters and stouts using just a small amount.  In the mid 1800's the popularity of porter began to wain due to the growing popularity of pale ales.

Porter and Stout  While Stouts popularity continued, by the early 1900's Porters had basically disappeared until revived by small breweries in the US and UK.  Today Porters and Stouts Styles are very similar and there is very little differentiation between the two styles accept for a few of the subcategories.

Porter and Stout  BJCP Porter and Stout Categories:  Brown Porter  Robust Porter  Baltic Porter  Dry Stout  Sweet Stout  Foreign Extra Stout  American Stout  Russian Imperial Stout