Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition Chapter 6: The Internet and the World Wide Web Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1

What Is the Internet and How Does It Work? Internet o Global system of computers of thousands of privately and publicly owned computer networks o Started in the 1960s o U.S. Department of Defense project ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) Purpose: o Secure communication for military and scientific purposes o Transfer data between computers Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2

What Is the Internet and How Does It Work? Routers o Specialized devices that connect networks Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 3

Accessing the Internet: Going Online Internet service providers (ISPs) o Supply user connections to the Internet o Protect networks from outside threats Online service provider (OSP) o A for-profit firm that provides a proprietary network Examples: MSN and AOL Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4

Accessing the Internet: Going Online Hot spot o Public location that provides Internet access for wireless devices o Examples: airport, college campus, or coffee shop Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 5

Accessing the Internet: Going Online Internet Access – Slowest to Fastest o Dial-up access—uses modem and telephone line o Digital subscriber line (DSL)—high-speed online connection—external modem with telephone lines o Cable access—high-speed Internet connection—cable modem not a phone line o Satellite—high-speed Internet service with antenna and dish o Fiber-optic service—high-speed Internet—fiber-optic lines Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 6

The Internet and the Web: What’s the Difference? Web-Internet information resource Internet - transports information to and from users o Computer Network Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 7

The Internet and the Web: What’s the Difference? Web browser o Program that displays Web pages and linked items Web site o Collection of Web pages Contains home page (also called index page)—default page displayed when you enter a site Web 2.0 o Current generation of the Web o Provides opportunities to collaborate, interface, and create new content using blogs, Wikis, and podcasts Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 8

The Internet and the Web: What’s the Difference? Hypertext o Uses links to connect to additional related information Hyperlinks or links o Words and images that bring other documents into view when clicked Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) o Format used for Web Pages Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9

The Internet and the Web: What’s the Difference? The most popular Web browsers Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 10 - Originally for Apple

The Internet and the Web: What’s the Difference? Plug-ins o Pop-up displays what plug-in is needed o Examples: Acrobat Reader Adobe Flash Player Adobe Shockwave Player Apple QuickTime Real Player Windows Media Player Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 11

Finding Information on the Web Internet Protocol (IP) address o Every device connected to the Internet, including PCs and servers, is given a unique network identifier Uniform Resource Locator (URL) o Identifies Internet resource’s type and location Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12

Finding Information on the Web URL is made up of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), domain name, path, and resource name. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 13

Finding Information on the Web Downloading o Process of transferring a file or document from one computer to user’s computer Uploading o Process of transferring a file or document from user’s computer to another computer File Transfer Protocol (FTP) o Method to transfer files over the Internet o Use when files are too large to attach to s Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 14

Finding Information on the Web Search engines tools o Index databases of Web pages to enable fast information searches Google – most popular Yahoo Ask Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 15

Finding Information on the Web Phrase searching o Place quotation marks around a phrase to retrieve only sites that contain the exact phrase Inclusion operators o Find Web pages with criteria after plus sign (+) Exclusion operators o Exclude Web pages with criteria after minus (-) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16

Exploring Internet Services Spam o Unsolicited s, usually from advertisers o Do not open spam Malware o Malicious software destroys a computer system Spyware o Gathers data from a system without knowledge Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 17

Exploring Internet Services VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) o Users can speak to others over a broadband Internet connection instead of an analog phone line o A VoIP service provider such as Skype o Calls are usually free to others using the same service. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 18

E-Commerce E-commerce o Conducting business through the use of networks or the Internet Business-to-business (B2B) o Refers to a business providing supplies to other businesses via the Internet Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) o Exchange of business between individuals Example: eBay Business-to-consumer (B2C) o Consumers shopping online rather than at a physical store for services and products Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 19

Safe Surfing Guidelines for safe surfing o Never give out identifying information. o Never respond to suggestive messages. o Never open from an unknown source. o Remember individuals online may not be who they claim to be. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 20

Safe Surfing Additional online hazards to avoid: o Malware o Identity theft o Threats to you and your family o Unscrupulous vendors Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 21

Safe Surfing Protecting your identity o Avoid shoulder-surfers, people who stand close enough to see PIN numbers o Look for secure Web site features before entering information. in the address instead of Site seal provided by a security vendor such as VeriSign Locked padlock symbol on the Web site—be sure it is not a fake image Message box that identifies you are entering or leaving a secure site o Use PayPal for online payments Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 22

Safe Surfing Protecting children in cyberspace o Cyberbullying Cyberbullying When a child is targeted for abuse through digital tools o Cyberstalkers Cyberstalkers Use , instant messaging, chat rooms, pagers, cell phones, and other forms of information technology to make repeated, credible threats of violence against an individual or family Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 23