Guyton 2011 chapter 9
Excitation-contraction Coupling Ca induced Ca Released
Excitation-contraction Coupling
Cardiac cycle
Effect of Heart Rate on Duration of Cardiac Cycle DiastoleSystoleHeart rate beats/min beats/min 40% 60% 65% 35%
Semilunar ValvesAv Valves Mitral Tricuspid Aorta Pulmonary
Low frequency Loudest and longest High frequency Shorter duration Low intensity In children with thin chest wall and heart failure In early diastole Atrial contraction Occasionally in healthy individual S1 S4 S2 S3
The End