International Comparison

2 Business Environment and Innovation

Cost of capital Cost of capital encourages business development (1=worst; 10=best), 2012 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook,

Transparency Transparency of government policy is satisfactory (1=worst; 10=best), 2012 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook,

Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) The corruption perceptions index (1=high; 10=low), 2011 Source: Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index

Ease of doing business Ease of doing business is supported by regulations (1=worst; 10=best), 2012 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook,

Number of procedures required to start a business Number of procedures required to start a business, 2010 Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

Time required to start a business Number of days required to start a business, 2010 Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

Bureaucracy Bureaucracy does not hinder business activity (1=worst; 10=best), 2012 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook,

Foreign investors Foreign investors are free to acquire control in domestic companies (1=worst; 10=best), 2012 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook,

Total tax rate Combination of profit tax (% of profits), labor tax and contribution (% of profits), and other taxes (% of profits, 2010) Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

Easy of accesses to loans How easy to get a bank loan with only good business plan and no collateral (1=very difficult; 7=very easy), 2010–2011, weighted average Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

Venture capital availability How easy is it for entrepreneurs with innovative but risky projects to find venture capital? (1=very difficult; 7=very easy), 2010–2011, weighted average Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

University-industry collaboration in R&D To what extent do business and universities collaborate on research and development (R&D) in your country? (1 = do not collaborate at all; 7 = collaborate extensively), 2010–2012, weighted average Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

Source: World Bank R&D investments (as % of GDP),

Quality of the educational system How well does the educational system in your country meet the needs of a competitive economy? (1 = not well at all; 7 = very well), 2010–2011, weighted average Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF)

Language skills Language skills are meeting the needs of enterprises (1=worst; 10=best), 2012 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook,

Global competitiveness- Score and Rank in the Global Competitiveness Index ( ) CountryScoreRank Finland5.474 Sweden5.613 Germany5.416 The USA5.435 Source: The Global Competitiveness Report , World Economic Forum (WEF) 18