for anyone who has an opinion and cares if others to understand it & agree with it. for anyone who has an opinion and cares if others to understand it & agree with it. Giving a Great Science Talk: I. Vital Elements Garrett Apuzen-Ito Dept. of Geology & Geophysics, SOEST, University of Hawaii Garrett Apuzen-Ito Dept. of Geology & Geophysics, SOEST, University of Hawaii Being an effective speaker is important: In SCIENCE speaking--like publishing--is part of the process. Science is about making discoveries and telling the world about it. for anyone whose work needs to communicated to others. for anyone whose work needs to communicated to others. for anyone who has an opinion and cares if others to understand it & agree with it. for anyone who has an opinion and cares if others to understand it & agree with it.

Giving a Great Science Talk I. Vital Elements Garrett Apuzen-Ito Dept. of Geology & Geophysics, SOEST, University of Hawaii Garrett Apuzen-Ito Dept. of Geology & Geophysics, SOEST, University of Hawaii Being an effective speaker is important: In SCIENCE speaking--like publishing--is part of the process. Science is about making discoveries and telling the world about it. for anyone whose work needs to communicated to others. for anyone whose work needs to communicated to others. for anyone who has an opinion and cares if others to understand it & agree with it. for anyone who has an opinion and cares if others to understand it & agree with it. AND BTW.... that was the “motivation” part of this talk. that was the “motivation” part of this talk.

Vitals & Key Ingredients 3 Categories: I. Vital Elements II. Mechanics of the Presentation III. Speaker Performance

Today’s Message is on the I. Vitals Elements Today’s Message is on the I. Vitals Elements (This is my talk outline & that was the “Introduction”)

I. Vitals Elements If your audience walks away understanding your main points, gains new appreciation for (or is convinced of) them, and remembers them, then you’ve done your job. FIRST AND FOREMOST: Your purpose is to… Communicate, Convince, and Teach Now here’s the main point No matter how you do it (almost). WMDs! It is essential that YOU know your main points. You should have 1-3 main points and no more.

How Many Points Should You Make?

Generally … a “science-related” talk is organized as: I. Motivate and Introduce the Topic/Points II. Define Strategy and Concepts III. Build Evidence, Points, & Ideas IV. State Conclusions (1-3 main points) Generally … a “science-related” talk is organized as: I. Motivate and Introduce the Topic/Points II. Define Strategy and Concepts III. Build Evidence, Points, & Ideas IV. State Conclusions (1-3 main points) Tell ‘em what your gonna tell ‘em } Tell them. } Tell ‘em what you told ‘em }

A more formal science research talk specifies: I. Motivate & Introduce the Scientific Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis, and Outline Your talk II. Strategy, Methods &/or Data III. Results and Interpretations IV. Conclusions A more formal science research talk specifies: I. Motivate & Introduce the Scientific Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis, and Outline Your talk II. Strategy, Methods &/or Data III. Results and Interpretations IV. Conclusions Tell ‘em what your gonna tell ‘em } Tell them. } Tell ‘em what you told ‘em }

This is the same format as a scientific paper

(This is my data)

} } This format follows from and communicates the Scientific Method: I. Motivate, Introduce Scientce Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions I. Motivate, Introduce Scientce Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions

} } This format represents a system of logical reasoning. An underlying thread along which your story progresses. I. Motivate & Introduce Science Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions I. Motivate & Introduce Science Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions

I. Motivate & Introduce the Question, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline Your Talk (Communicate) 1 st Your audience needs to know WHY your talk is work listening to. “Tides are important because…” 2 nd Your audience needs to know precisely what question, problem, or hypothesis your addressing 3 rd Outline your talk. i.e., tell you’re audience what your going to tell them. 2 nd Your audience needs to know precisely what question, problem, or hypothesis your addressing 3 rd Outline your talk. i.e., tell you’re audience what your going to tell them. “The problem I’d like to address is…”

II. Strategy, Methods &/or Data This is when the strategy is defined. The type of data and method of analysis is presented. The strategy had better be appropriate for addressing your question/problem/hypothesis This is when the strategy is defined. The type of data and method of analysis is presented. The strategy had better be appropriate for addressing your question/problem/hypothesis “I will measure the level of high tide each day” I. Motivate & Introduce the Question, Problem, Hypothesis & Outline

III. Results and Interpretations (CONVINCE) Findings are presented. Graphs show trends of data or outcomes of analysis. Logic and reasoning is clearly spelled-out, and judgements are made about the significanc of the results. Findings are presented. Graphs show trends of data or outcomes of analysis. Logic and reasoning is clearly spelled-out, and judgements are made about the significanc of the results. “Monday the tide covered the rock Tuesday it reached the tree Tomorrow…. Uhm, can you swim?” II. Data &/or Methods (aka Evidence & Information). I. Motivate & Introduce the Question, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline.

III. Results and Interpretations Recap and clearly state your 1-3 points. “Got it??” II. Data &/or Methods (aka Evidence & Information). I. Motivate & Introduce the Question, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline IV. Conclusions (TEACH)

This structure and the theme you establish I. Motivate & Introduce the Science Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions I. Motivate & Introduce the Science Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions Transforms a random bunch of (albeit jewels of) information into a organized work of art. They are the thread that ties all the pieces together

Tell a Story. Take your Audience on an Adventure I. Motivate & Introduce the Science Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions I. Motivate & Introduce the Science Questions, Problem, or Hypothesis, & Outline Talk II. Strategy/Methods/Data III. Results/Interpretations IV. Conclusions Take your audience from a starting point (point A), lead them step-by-step along your journey of discovery to your conclusions (point B) Take your audience from a starting point (point A), lead them step-by-step along your journey of discovery to your conclusions (point B) A B

Tell a Story. Take your Audience on an Adventure I. Motivate, Introduce, Outline II. Strategy & Concepts III. Evidence/Points/Ideas IV. Your conclusions I. Motivate, Introduce, Outline II. Strategy & Concepts III. Evidence/Points/Ideas IV. Your conclusions Take your audience from a starting point (point A), lead them step-by-step along your journey of discovery to your conclusions (point B) Take your audience from a starting point (point A), lead them step-by-step along your journey of discovery to your conclusions (point B) A B

If your audience walks away understanding your main points, gains new appreciation for (or is convinced of) them, and remembers them, then you’ve done your job. I. Your purpose is to communicate, convince, and teach Now here’s the main point I. Motivate, Introduce, Outline II. Strategy/Concepts III. Evidence/Points/Ideas IV. Your Conclusions I. Motivate, Introduce, Outline II. Strategy/Concepts III. Evidence/Points/Ideas IV. Your Conclusions II. The scientific format and theme you build brings your audience on a journey of scientific deduction and discovery Giving a Great Science Talk I. Vital Elements Giving a Great Science Talk I. Vital Elements