Nonvascular Plants and Seedless Vascular Plants BSC 2011L

Plants  Domain Eukarya  Kingdom Plantae  “Bryophytes” - nonvascular seedless plants  Phylum HepatophytaLiverworts  Phylum AnthocerotophytaHornworts  Phylum BryophytaMoss  “Vascular Seedless Plants”  Phylum LycopodophytaClub Moss  Phylum MonilophytaWisk fern  Phylum MonilophytaHorsetails  Phylum MonilophytaFerns

Evolutionary relationships of plants  Review Fig 16.1

Alternation of Generations  Sporophyte Generation  Produces haploid spores by meiosis  Gametophyte Generation  Produces gametes by mitosis

Nonvascular Seedless Plants  Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts  Gametophyte generation is dominant  Produces eggs in archegonia  Produces flagellated sperm in antheridia  Rely on water source for reproduction Notice the gemmae cups In this liverwort

Nonvascular Seedless Plants Moss Life Cycle

Vascular Seedless Plants  Whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails, and ferns  Sporophyte generation is dominant  Adaptations for living on land  Vascular tissue  Windblown spores

Vascular Seedless Plants Fern Life Cycle

What is a Thallus?  Body of a lower plant that has no recognizable shoot, root, or leaf regions  Fern prothallus - gametophyte Young sporophyte emerging from prothallus

Vascular Seedless Plants Cross Section of Frond Leaflet  Sporophyte Generation  Look at Figure  The sorus contains the sporangium where the spores are produced