SNMP Terms SNMP Agent (network element to monitor) SNMP Management Station Community String (password) SMI (Structure of Management Info) MIB (Management Information Base) ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation 1)
ASN.1 - Abstract Syntax Notation SNMP uses a subset of ASN.1 datatypes –Integer, Octet, String, Object Identifier, Sequence, Null Basic encoding rules compile language into sequence of octets Lexographic ordering allows agent to answer requests without knowing data object size
SNMP Control Flow Management Station Polls Agent –Typically every 5 minutes Agent Sends Unsolicited SNMP Traps –Agent alerts management station as needed
Agent Commands set-request –Set a variable or cause an action, need Read/Write access get-request –Fetch a data object get-next-request –Walk through a table get-bulk-request –Get in bulk for efficiency
Data Object Naming Naming hierarchy uses numbers or names, relative or absolute naming –system.sysDescr.0 –1.1.0 –1.sysDescr.0 – –.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib.system.sysdescr.0 – sysdescr.0
MIB Tree
MIB Tree (Cont) mgmt(2)
Command Line Tools –snmpget –snmpwalk –snmpset –snmpnetstat GUI Tools –MRTG, Cricket, HP Openview, WhatsUpGold
SNMP Router Syntax access-list 10 permit access-list 10 permit snmp-server community public RO snmp-server community private RW 10 snmp-server location 16LOV snmp-server contact Ray Curci snmp-server chassis-id Chassis-ID-Goes-Here snmp-server system-shutdown
Snmpset iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprises(1) cisco(9) local(2) lts(9) 9 nothing(1), reload(2), messagedone(3), abort(4) S1> snmpset private i 2 ****** --- SHUTDOWN NOW --- *** Message from network to all terminals: *%SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested
Snmpget S1> snmpget public system.sysDescr.0 system.sysDescr.0 = Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 3000 Software (IGS-DR-L), Version 11.0(11 Copyright (c) by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 16-Sep-96 18:44 by athavale
Snmpwalk S1> snmpwalk public system system.sysDescr.0 = Cisco IOS 11.0(11)... system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (168468) 0:28:04.68 system.sysContact.0 = Ray Curci system.sysName.0 = r1 system.sysLocation.0 = 16LOV
Snmpnetstat - routing table S1> snmpnetstat public -rn Routing tables Destination Gateway Flags Interface default UG Serial1/ UG Serial1/ U Fddi0/0 …
Snmpget -interface stats S1> snmpnetstat public -i Name Mtu Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Fddi0/ Ethernet2/ …
Multi Router Traffic Grapher FSU Network Graphs – MRTG Software Page –
Additional SNMP Resources The Simple Book 2/e, by Marshall Rose Network Management-Problems,Standards,Strategies by Kauffels – Network Monitoring Explained-Design and Application by Chiu and Sudama Cisco SNMP Technical Tips – SNMP Overview - Rad Data Comm –