IDP Profiling in Sudan: IDP Caseload and Numbers Sudan has the largest IDP concentration in the world Sudan has the largest IDP concentration in the world 6-7 millions are internally displaced in almost all parts of the country 6-7 millions are internally displaced in almost all parts of the country The following regions host most IDP The following regions host most IDP Khartoum – 2 Million: the largest concentration of IDPs in a single location in the world Khartoum – 2 Million: the largest concentration of IDPs in a single location in the world Approx 85% from Southern Sudan; Approx 85% from Southern Sudan; 10-15% from Darfur 10-15% from Darfur 4 official camps and about 30 unofficial settlements 4 official camps and about 30 unofficial settlements Over 80% is estimated to live in temporary shelters Over 80% is estimated to live in temporary shelters

IDP Caseload Continue… 1.8 million IDPs displaced within Darfur 1.8 million IDPs displaced within Darfur Approx 700,000 displaced in West Darfur where UNHCR has mandate over IDPs Approx 700,000 displaced in West Darfur where UNHCR has mandate over IDPs Approx 1.8 million IDPs displaced in various parts within Southern Sudan Approx 1.8 million IDPs displaced in various parts within Southern Sudan Most IDPs reside in rural settlements Most IDPs reside in rural settlements Remaining IDPs in elsewhere in the East and North of Sudan Remaining IDPs in elsewhere in the East and North of Sudan

Pattern of Displacement and Settlement Majority of displacement owing to conflict Majority of displacement owing to conflict South Sudan conflict since mid 1980s South Sudan conflict since mid 1980s Darfur conflict from present Darfur conflict from present Eastern Sudan insecurity Eastern Sudan insecurity Drought/insecurity in central region in 1980s Drought/insecurity in central region in 1980s Different waves/Multitude of displacement Different waves/Multitude of displacement

IDP Settlement and Response Majority of IDPs in Khartoum reside in informal squatter settlements around city Majority of IDPs in Khartoum reside in informal squatter settlements around city IDPs displaced within southern Sudan, eastern Sudan and elsewhere reside in rural settlements/villages IDPs displaced within southern Sudan, eastern Sudan and elsewhere reside in rural settlements/villages Majority of Darfur IDPs reside in IDP camps Majority of Darfur IDPs reside in IDP camps

Response…Khartoum Government relations with IDPs is characterized with hostility and distrust – thus very limited direct assistance and support Government relations with IDPs is characterized with hostility and distrust – thus very limited direct assistance and support Access to IDP camps/settlements in Khartoum restricted by authorities Access to IDP camps/settlements in Khartoum restricted by authorities Humanitarian assistance – primarily my INGOs - reduced in recent years due to competing demands Humanitarian assistance – primarily my INGOs - reduced in recent years due to competing demands No systematic profiling of IDPs No systematic profiling of IDPs Until recently no protection monitoring in camps Until recently no protection monitoring in camps

UNHCR Involvement with IDPs in Khartoum UNHCR’s involvement with internally displaced persons in Greater Khartoum area is based on a specific request by the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator and the Humanitarian Coordinator. UNHCR’s involvement with internally displaced persons in Greater Khartoum area is based on a specific request by the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator and the Humanitarian Coordinator. Our engagement with IDPs in Khartoum is designed as a protection intervention, but clearly framed in the context of the return operation to Southern Sudan. Our engagement with IDPs in Khartoum is designed as a protection intervention, but clearly framed in the context of the return operation to Southern Sudan. While Sudan is not one of the pilot countries for the IASC cluster approach for IDPs, UNHCR’s involvement in Khartoum is still seen to derive from this IASC policy. While Sudan is not one of the pilot countries for the IASC cluster approach for IDPs, UNHCR’s involvement in Khartoum is still seen to derive from this IASC policy.

UNHCR Involvement with IDPs The outlined strategy for the project is focusing on: The outlined strategy for the project is focusing on: community based protection monitoring; community based protection monitoring; enhancing protection networks and coordination; enhancing protection networks and coordination; capacity-building; and capacity-building; and ensuring IDPs have elements for informed choice regarding their return. ensuring IDPs have elements for informed choice regarding their return.

Envisioned engagement in 2007 UNHCR foresees continuing to act as advocate for IDPs in Khartoum, in the context of the return operation, through coordination and leadership in the PWG UNHCR foresees continuing to act as advocate for IDPs in Khartoum, in the context of the return operation, through coordination and leadership in the PWG The majority of the IDPs express a strong desire to return from Khartoum. UNHCR would like to enhance the UN’s contribution to the overall IDP return operation by jointly (Government of Southern Sudan, Government of National Unity/UN) organized IDP returns to selected areas. The majority of the IDPs express a strong desire to return from Khartoum. UNHCR would like to enhance the UN’s contribution to the overall IDP return operation by jointly (Government of Southern Sudan, Government of National Unity/UN) organized IDP returns to selected areas. Support would also be offered in the form of technical advice and capacity building for the return operation, including registration, information dissemination, etc Support would also be offered in the form of technical advice and capacity building for the return operation, including registration, information dissemination, etc

IDP Profiling in Khartoum Two types of profiling in different times through inter-agency efforts: Two types of profiling in different times through inter-agency efforts: Assessment of socio-economic condition of IDPs with the objective: Assessment of socio-economic condition of IDPs with the objective: To identify the reasons for the IDP displacement and their principal demographic breakdown; To identify the reasons for the IDP displacement and their principal demographic breakdown; To determine socio-economic needs; To determine socio-economic needs; To serve as reference tool to support policy design and programme development that will ensure assistance To Identify skill levels and IDPs’ needs for further training; Verify anecdotal evidence concerning re-planning process and plot allocation Verify anecdotal evidence concerning re-planning process and plot allocation

Profiling Conti… Methodology: Random sample selection of IDP households from major IDP camps/settlements Methodology: Random sample selection of IDP households from major IDP camps/settlements The 4 most populous IDP camps selected with a total 400,000 IDPs The 4 most populous IDP camps selected with a total 400,000 IDPs Sample size of approx. 1,500 households Sample size of approx. 1,500 households The sample survey covered the following areas The sample survey covered the following areas Socio-economic status Socio-economic status Water, sanitation and health Water, sanitation and health IDP/ returnee status IDP/ returnee status Plot procurement and relocation impact Plot procurement and relocation impact Protection issues Protection issues Focus Group Discussions qualitative methodology was also used Focus Group Discussions qualitative methodology was also used The survey report and analyses were widely shared through inter- agency forums and were used to inform humanitarian programming. The survey report and analyses were widely shared through inter- agency forums and were used to inform humanitarian programming. Other issue-specific profiling were also done in IDP camps Other issue-specific profiling were also done in IDP camps

Return Intention Profiling In Mid 2005 UNHCR co-sponsored IDP survey intention in Northern Sudan. The Gov. requested such survey and was an integral part of te process, providing IDP statistics and locations. In Mid 2005 UNHCR co-sponsored IDP survey intention in Northern Sudan. The Gov. requested such survey and was an integral part of te process, providing IDP statistics and locations. The main objective of the survey included: Carry out a survey to collect data on the intentions, motivations, and concerns of IDPs regarding voluntary return to South Sudan. Carry out a survey to collect data on the intentions, motivations, and concerns of IDPs regarding voluntary return to South Sudan. Identify IDPs’ desire to settle elsewhere or their decision to remain in current places of displacement. Identify IDPs’ desire to settle elsewhere or their decision to remain in current places of displacement. Obtain numerical estimates of persons who may be returning to their places of origin in the next three to twelve months. Obtain numerical estimates of persons who may be returning to their places of origin in the next three to twelve months. Indicate geographic locations of potential final destinations as well as planned return routes Indicate geographic locations of potential final destinations as well as planned return routes Collect basic demographic data (disaggregated by age, sex, and family composition) and socio-economic information on IDP populations. Collect basic demographic data (disaggregated by age, sex, and family composition) and socio-economic information on IDP populations.

Intention Profiling Cont… Determine as to what information IDPs need to make an informed choice about return Determine as to what information IDPs need to make an informed choice about return Seek information about land and property in order to gather information about potential problems or concerns of IDPs about their possible return Seek information about land and property in order to gather information about potential problems or concerns of IDPs about their possible return Include sections on advocacy and health relevant for partner agencies. Include sections on advocacy and health relevant for partner agencies. Highlights the priorities to be taken into account when planning return and reintegration of the IDPs. Highlights the priorities to be taken into account when planning return and reintegration of the IDPs.

Intention Profiling Cont… Methodology: The sample survey. Methodology: The sample survey. The estimated number of the IDPs considered for the population frame was approx. 2.9 million IDPs, living in 11 states (54 survey locations) and corresponding to 482,630 households. For the survey interviews, 7,020 households were selected and interviewed, corresponding to 44,238 persons. The estimated number of the IDPs considered for the population frame was approx. 2.9 million IDPs, living in 11 states (54 survey locations) and corresponding to 482,630 households. For the survey interviews, 7,020 households were selected and interviewed, corresponding to 44,238 persons. The process also served a capacity building purpose for gov. counterpart The process also served a capacity building purpose for gov. counterpart

Intention Profiling Cont… Key findings include: Key findings include: The majority of IDPs, 68% of the total, said that they would return, 11% said that they have not decided yet and 22% said that they will remain in where they are. The decision to return varied by areas of origin. For the IDPs who originate from South Sudan, 80% said that they would return (78% to their place of origin and 2% to other village/town). Other 10% of the southerners stated that they have not decided yet and the remainder 10% said that they will not return.

Intention Profiling Cont… All respondents who declared they would return were asked what additional information they would like to have for helping their returning decisions. The most frequently mentioned need was information on safe routes (43%). The cost of travel and information on conditions at the place of origin were also mentioned by large groups (respectively 39% and 35%). Information collected by the sample was used to develop registration and profiling systems; informed options for and facilitate such durable solutions as voluntary return, local integration or settlement in areas other that the places of origin or displacement. Information collected by the sample was used to develop registration and profiling systems; informed options for and facilitate such durable solutions as voluntary return, local integration or settlement in areas other that the places of origin or displacement.