 Ike  Background  Soft on communism?  Secretary of State Foster Dulles  “Rolling Back” Communism

 New Look  The CIA  Massive Retaliation  Brinkmanship

 The Death of Stalin  George Malenkov  Nikita Khrushchev  “Peaceful co-existence”  Avoiding a nuclear holocaust

 Economic Factors  Military spending versus consumer goods.  GNP  Results of less military spending.

 April 1955  The Austrian State Treaty  July 1955  The Geneva Summit  Arms Race Discussions

Soviet Proposals: Mutual disbandment of NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Withdrawal of foreign troops from Europe followed by the drawing up of a European Security Treaty. Free elections to be carried out for a reunified German government. U.S. Proposals: An “open skies” proposal. This meant each side would exchange plans of military installations and allow aerial surveillance of each other’s installations. U.S. Reaction: Hostile. These ideas were unacceptable to the West European governments and no agreement was reached on any of these proposals. Soviet Reaction: Hostile. The Soviets did not even bother to make a formal reply. They dismissed it as “nothing more than a bold espionage plot”. (The United States went ahead and used the U-2 planes.)

 Was the Geneva Summit a failure? Nikolai Bulganin

 Why did East-West tension increase again after 1955?  Dag Hammarskjöld  Gamal Abdel Nasser  The Suez Canal  UNEF

 Khrushchev’s De- Stalinization Speech  The Eisenhower Doctrine  The Technology Race

 Sputnik I and II  The Missile Gap  The Gaither Report  Fallout Shelters

 Education  U-2 Spy Planes  NASA

 Living in West Berlin  Propaganda and Espionage  Khrushchev’s proposal  Walter Ulbricht  Summit Results

 The Spirit of Camp David  The U-2 Spy Plane  U.S. Claims  Gary Powers

 U.S. Domination  Sugar  Exports  Unemployment

 Background  Resentment towards America  Cuban People’s Party  General Fulgencio Batista  Methods of Enforcement

 July 26, 1953  Moncada Army Barracks  Trial and Arrests  History Will Absolve Me  Cuba’s new hero

 May 1955  General Amnesty  Castro moves to Mexico  Student Protests  April 1956  Political Support

 December 2, 1956  Castro Returns  Sierra Maestra Mountains  False Claims  February 1957  Castro’s New Image

 The Role of the Catholic Church  The 26 th of July Movement  Small numbers  Summer 1958  New Year’s Day 1959  Changes

 Moving to America  Eisenhower vs. Castro  Nationalized Businesses  Embargos

 Visits from the Soviets  Trade Agreements  Oil and Sugar  Anti-American Sentiment

 Origins  The Plan  The Attack  Outcome  Reasons  Results

 Flexible Response  Conventional forces  Nuclear arsenal  CIA  Assisting countries against Communism  Negotiations with the USSR

 The Vienna Summit of 1961  Reasons for the Wall  August 13, 1961

 For Khrushchev?  For Walter Ulbricht?  For the Citizens of Berlin?  For the Cold War?  The Symbol of the Cold War

 Why did Khrushchev put missiles in Cuba?  Intermediate Range ballistic missiles (IRBMs)  Missiles in Turkey  Protecting Communism in Cuba.

 October 14, 1962  First Strike Capability  Upcoming Elections  13 Days  Quarantine  October 24, 1962  Khrushchev’s Telegrams

 U-2 Spy Plane Incident  Ambassador Llewellyn (Tommy) Thompson  Attorney General Robert Kennedy  Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin  The Secret Deal

 How effective was Kennedy’s handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis?  The Traditional View  The Revisionist View  New Interpretations

 What conclusions can be reached about Khrushchev’s actions?  Results for the Soviets?  The Soviet Military perspective  Khrushchev’s relationship with Castro

 For the USA?  For the USSR?  For Cuba?  For China?  For the International Situation?

 June 26, 1963  Ich bin ein Berliner! ich-bin-ein-berliner-1963_news