By: Sarah Nicole Ramirez and Margarita Hughes

There are three types of Otis Media 1. Acute otitis media 2. Otitis media with effusion 3. Otitis externa (Swimmer’s Ear)

A type of ear infection that is usually painful and may be treated with antibiotics. Symptoms include: pain, redness of the eardrum, pus in the ear, and fever, difficulty balancing. Children may pull on the ear, and infants or toddlers may be short- tempered Antibiotics are often prescribed to children, but are not always given if not necessary.

A build up of fluid in the middle ear without signs and symptoms of acute infection It is more common than Acute Otitis Media May be caused by viral upper respiratory infections, allergies, or exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke. The build up of fluid in the middle ear does not usually cause pain and almost It will usually not be treated with an antibiotic More common during the spring and summer.

Commonly known as Swimmer's Ear It is an infection of the ear or outer ear canal or sometimes both Can cause the ear to itch or become red and swollen so that touching the ear or putting pressure is very painful There may also be pus that drains from the ear Antibiotics are usually needed to treat otitis externa

AOM Often caused by bacteria, but can also be caused by viruses Bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae G+, coccus Hemophilus influenzae G-, rod shaped Viruses Respiratory syncytial virus Rhinoviruses Influenza virus OME Fluid may build up in the middle ear for several reasons When child has a cold Remaining fluid after child had an episode of AOM

Mostly seen in children between infants and children at the age of three It is an upper respiratory infection which mostly affects the ear Gram positive and Gram Negative bacterium can be the cause, depending on the type of infection it is It was first seen in 1971 By the age of three 85% of children will have Otis Media at least once in their life OME more common in the winter and early spring

Antibiotic is usually given depending on the type of bacteria that is causing the infection. Sometimes infection may go away on its own, therefore antibiotics are not always given Depending on the type of infection Example Swimmer’s ear Ear drops are given and sometimes Antibiotic that has to be taken by mouth if the infection spreads beyond the ear People with chronic swimmer's ear may need long-term or given repeated treatments to avoid future problems of the ear Corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation of the ear Pain medication, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) Vinegar (acetic acid) ear drops Placing something warm against the ears may reduce pain.

Otis media caused by a bacteria is not passed from person to person Illustration below shows transmission if caused by a virus

Try not to scratch the ears or insert cotton swabs or other objects in the ears Keep ears clean and dry, and do not let water enter the ears when showering, shampooing, or bathing Dry your ear thoroughly after exposure to moisture Use earplugs when swimming, and avoid swimming in polluted water Avoid smoking or exposure to second hand smoke and do not expose children to second hand smoke Avoid exposure to air pollution Keep you and your child up to date with recommended immunizations

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