Japanese earthquake resistance technology Arch 561 Chenxing Sheng

1 structural seismic Technology 2 Structural material selection

A base isolation system The Japanese, the most important issue is how to build a solid house. During earthquake, the houses can remain and do not fall down. This technique is called "seismic technology." Seismic is a technology that use to solid walls and foundations and connect them together, With foundations. The advantage of this technique is that building is strong, but the disadvantages are also obvious. Though able to keep the building intact, but the dumping of house furniture that caused by earthquake, not only make the goods damage, but also can cause people's fear about the disaster. Sometimes it may influenced A whole life.

After the 1980s, especially the 1995 Osaka God earthquake, the Japanese researchers developed a "seismic isolation building. The so-called "seismic isolation technology" that is, between the building and its foundation, people add anther part that made ​​of a material with a soft layer of shock-free. So with this technology, people can keep house and also can keep the house furniture or other items. This avoid the residents mentally and physically harm. This technology is very cheap. It is said to build a seismic isolation of individual homes, just put the cost of a normal car.

Isolation device    1 isolator: a high vertical and horizontal load carrying capacity. Such as laminated rubber bearings, sliding bearings.    2 Dampers: improve the damping isolator. Such as plastic damper, dry friction damper, viscoelastic dampers.     3 Reset Device: Prevent microseismic structure under wind loads affect the use, as well as the building after the earthquake timely reset. Rebound sliding bearings, spiral spring bearing

EXAMPLE Built in 1994, Kobe, Japan, West Post Office Building, which have six floor and two towers. It is 38.35m high and ​​46,000 square meters area. Isolation layer is disposed between the base and the floor, was Japan's largest seismic isolation building. When the building is completed, it faced the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake. the observation records indicate that the upper structure only has 1/3 to 1/4 maximum acceleration and the upper structure is not damaged. Isolation effect has been confirmed.

Yokohama, Japan pylons Building

"Local buoyancy" Seismic System Japan has developed a project called "partial buoyancy" seismic system which, by means of conventional seismic design based on the buoyancy of water to support the entire building. There is a storage tank between the upper structure and foundation. The buoyancy of water can support about half the weight of the building. It can reduce the load bearing foundation, but also can make rubber isolator small. When Earthquake occurs, the buoyancy of water can reduce the building’s acceleration. In addition, water storage tank water storage can be used in case of fire extinguishing. After the earthquake it can be used as temporary living water. The system cost is not high. For 8 floors Hospital, for example, the price is just higher about 2% than ordinary seismic systems.

EXAMPLE The Keio Hotel

Energy dissipation system Energy dissipation system is in some parts of the structure, taking certain measures in order to consume the energy of the earthquake passed to structure. Principle: the viewpoint of energy (the energy of the earthquake can reduce through the energy dissipation) damage and kinetic point of view (increasing structural damping, reduce the structural dynamic response)

Restrained Brace (friction brake) Viscoelastic dampers Quality Pumps

Active structural control system     Refers to the use of automatic control theory, the smaller additional mass produce better damping effect.      Principle: source → sensor → Processors → Brakes      Projects: Yokohama landmark tower

"bandages" pillars Japan invented a cheap shock reinforcement technology. Using resin material "bandage" to wrap building pillar. This technique is developed by the Institute of Quality Assurance constructed technique and called "SRF process." Earthquake "bandage" is made of resin fiber woven manufacturing and its shape like a seat belt. The seismic belt coated with adhesive and wrapped secured to the building pillars.

When the earthquake occurred, even if there is internal damage of pillar it will not collapse, which could ensure personal living space.

Choice of building materials Such as in Europe, China is often build brick building. Now in Japan almost could not find traces of buildings and Japanese colorful "tiles" is a made of plastic. 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake proof brick houses without seismic. Since then, brick building in Japan, is almost no longer used and replaced by reinforced concrete houses. Because of the excellent seismic performance of wooden structures , Japan also has a large number of wooden houses. In order to improve the traditional wooden architecture of the seismic capacity, it is designed like a cabinet - when the earthquake happened, the whole house tumbling, and will not be damaged. Steel is an excellent seismic performance of building structures, because steel is a plastic material. As shown, the wooden structure and steel housing.

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