Rels. 205 Lecture 11.1 Christian Reactions

John Wesley ( )

Jonathan Edwards ( )

Evangelicals “They translate into meaning and life all the liberal plans for the education of adults and children …” Frederick Denison Maurice Charles Finney ( ) John Wesley ( )

Charles Grandison Finney ( ) Lectures on Revival (1835) Systematic Theology (1847) Oberlin College, 1837 Anti-Slavery

200 th. Anniversary of the Abolition of the North Atlantic Slave Trade Slavery was abolished in the British Empire in 1833

Amazing Grace / Gustavus Vassa (Olaudah Equiano)

Charles Hodge ( )

John Henry Newman ( )

Historical Truth And if we trace back the power or ordination from hand to hand, of course we shall come to the Apostles at last.

The Idea of the University (1852)

Apostolic Succession

Frederick Denison Maurice ( ) The Kingdom of God (1838)

Christian Socialism A church which was looked upon, and almost looked upon itself, as a tool of the aristocracy …The Liberal proclamation which says, “Teach them …” was more genial and humane... More impressive far was the speech of the Methodist and the Evangelical …

Adolph von Harnack ( )

Fatherhood of God – Brotherhood of Man To our modern way of thinking and feeling, Christ's message appears in the clearest and most direct light when grasped in connexion with the idea of God the Father and the infinite value of the human soul.

World War I - The Failure of Liberalism Impact on Church – lost generation

Karl Barth ( )

B.B. Warfield ( )

John Gresham Machen ( )

The Fundamentals - Issues Resurrection of Christ – empty tomb Christ’s death as an atonement for sin Reality of sin Rejection of theological liberalism Reliability of the Bible - the Word of God

Some Fundamentalist Authors James Orr - Edinburgh B. B. Warfield - Princeton Sir Robert Anderson - London H. C. G. Moule - Durham W. H. Griffith Thomas - Toronto

The Impact Church splits Schisms Power struggles

After World War II The rebirth of Evangelicalism William Franklin “Billy” Graham (1918-)

The Crusade

Peace With God (1953)

Christianity Today

James Barr Fundamentalism (1981)

Barr’s Fundamentalism A very strong emphasis on the inerrancy of the Bible, the absence from it of any sort of error; 2) a strong hostility to modern theology and to the methods, results and implications of modern critical study of the Bible;

Barr’s Fundamentalism – 2 3) an assurance that those who do not share their religious viewpoint are not really ‘ture Christians’ at all (Barr 1981:1)

Barr’s Fundamentalism - 3 “fundamentalism is a bad word: the people to whom it is applied do not like to be so called. It is often felt to be a hostile and opprobrious term, suggesting narrowness, bigotry, obscurantism and sectarianism” (Barr 1981:2)

History of Fundamentalism S. G. Cole, The History of Fundamentalism New York, 1931 George Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture,New York: Oxford University Press, 1980 E.J. Carnell, The Case for Orthodox Theology, London, Marshall Morgan and Scott, 1961

Evangelicals A fundamentalist with a Ph.D. Issue of culture and lifestyle Question of Eschatology Fundamentalism = pre-millenialism Evangelicalism = open issue i.e. Pre, Post, or “A” millenialists

J.I. Packer Fundamentalism and the Word of God, London, Inter- Varsity Press, 1958.

Kenneth Kitchen London - Egyptology

Evangelical scholarship Larry Hurtado – Edinburgh - New Testament Alvin Plantinga – Nortre Dame – Philosophy Mark Noll – Wheaton College – History James Davidson Hunter – Virginia - Sociology