Heat and Cold Application Prepared by : Salwa Maghrabi Teacher Assistant Nursing Department

OUTLINES Definition of heat and cold application Heat Application ,Cold Application Contraindications to Use Heat and Cold. Appling heat and cold . Guidelines in Local Applications of Heat or Cold Hot Water Bag . Heat and cold packs Aquathermia Pad . Electric Pads . Compress Soak Sitz Bath Cooling Sponge Bath

OBJECTIVES Define heat and cold application . List the indication of using heat and cold application . Enumerate the contraindication for heat and cold application. Understand the guidelines for heat and cold application . Ability to apply several type of heat and cold application

Definition A therapy applied to body part for local and systemic effect

Heat Application Indications of Heat application : 1- Ache and pain 2- Comfort and relief . 3- Client with musculoskeletal problem . Cold Application Cold application is most often used for sport injury .

Contraindications to Use Heat and Cold 1- the first 24 hour after traumatic injury . 2- Active hemorrhage . 3- Noninflamatory edema. 4- Localized malignant tumor . 5- Skin disorder . 6- Open wound. 7- Allergy or hypertensive to cold .

Contraindications to Use Heat and Cold Cont’ Neurosensory Impairment. Immediately after injury or surgery . Open Wound Impaired Circulation Impaired Mental Status

Appling heat and cold 2 forms of application Moist Dry Heat Cold

Guidelines in Local Applications of Heat or Cold 1- Determine the client ability to tolerate therapy 2- Identify conditions that might be contraindicate treatment 3- Explain the application to the client 4- Assess the skin area to which heat and cold to be applied 5- Ask the client to report any discomfort.

Guidelines in Local Applications of Heat or Cold 6- Return to the client 15 min. after starting the heat or cold. 7- Remove the equipment . 8- Examine the area to which the heat or cold was applied , and record the client response .

Hot Water Bag Safe and effective temperature : Debilitated or unconscious Adult or child under 2 years Normal Adult or Child over 2 years

Hot Water Bag

Hot and Cold Packs

Aquathermia Pad Is pad constructed with tubes containing water .

Electric Pads Guideline for applying electric pad : 1- Do not insert sharp object. 2- Ensure the body area are dry. 3- Use pads with a preset heating switch . 4- Do not place the pad under the client .

Compress is a moist gauze dressing applied to a wound . it can be either cold or warm .

Soak immersing a body part in a solution or to wrapping a part in gauze dressing and then saturating the dressing with a solution .

Assist the client into the tub provide support for client feet . Sitz Bath Used to sock the client pelvic area. to provide Sitz Bath : Assist the client into the tub provide support for client feet . Provide a bath blanket.

Observe the client closely Maintain the water temperature. Assist the client out of the tub, help the client to dry .

Cooling Sponge Bath to reduce the client fever . Temperature for cooling sponge bath range from .

Cooling Sponge Bath Cont’ To provide cooling sponge bath , the nurse should : Sponge the face , arms , legs and buttocks. Leave each area wet and cover with a damp towel Place ice bags and cold packs.

Cooling Sponge Bath Cont’ To provide cooling sponge bath , the nurse should : Sponge only body part Discontinuing if: pale cyanotic shivers pulse rapid or irregular . Reassess the vital signs

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