Manufacturing Techniques Resource 1 Machine feeds & speeds & range of tooling used for manufacturing activities 1 1

Aims & Objectives Aims Understand how to calculate machine feeds & speeds Recognize machine cutting tools & setting up procedure Various tool grinding techniques 2 2

Objectives At the end of this lesson you should be able to: Aims & Objectives Objectives At the end of this lesson you should be able to: Perform simple calculations for the feed and spindle speeds on a machine Identify various machine tools Differentiate tooling methods for various operations Setting tools for manufacture Perform tool grinding techniques Compare different surface finish techniques 3 3

Cutting Speed Feed Turning Milling Cutting speed & feed calculations Number of revs per minute = cutting speed in metres per minute = cutting speed x 1000 Circumference  x Diameter in mm Feed The amount the work / tool moves per revolution of the cutter given in mm per revolution The amount the work / tool moves per unit of time given in mm per minute   Turning FEED PER MINUTE = FEED PER REVOLUTION X NUMBER OF REVOLUTIONS PER MINUTE  Milling FEED PER MINUTE = FEED PER TOOTH X NUMBER OF TEETH X NUMBER OF REVOLUTIONS PER MIN 4 4

π x D S = Material cutting speed of the material being machined π = 3 Formula N = 1000 x S N = Number of revs π x D S = Material cutting speed of the material being machined π = 3 D = Diameter Material Cutting speed in m/min Feed in cuts per tooth Face mill Slot or end mill Mild Steel 30 0.25 0.15 Cast Iron 18 0.30 0.18 Bronze 20 0.35 Aluminium 130 0.40 0.17 Tool Steel 16 0.10 0.05 5 5

Example A typical equation to machine a 40mm diameter mild steel bar using a lathe, would be:- N = 1000 x 30 3 x 40 N = 30000 120 N = 250 6 6

The factors that influence the feeds and speeds are:- The maximum and minimum speeds available on the machine The type of coolant used Type of cutting tool used The condition of the machine The type of material being machined The clamping method used to secure the component Diameter of the cutting tool The type of material the cutting tool is made of The condition of the tool 7 7

Setting spindle speed 8 8 To adjust the speed on a milling machine You can increase or decrease the spindle speed using the hand wheel on the belt housing. Speeds can only be adjusted when the spindle is spinning. To set the speed on a Lathe You align the two levers so all the colour co-ordinated sections are aligned. 8 8

Centre Lathe Tools Boring tool Parting off tool Tipped tools Knurling tool Chamfer tool Lathe turning tools 9 9

Centre Lathe Tools Milling Cutters Slab mill Side/face mill Face mill Slitting Saw Slot mill End mill 10 10

Milling Cutters continued.... Centre Lathe Tools Milling Cutters continued.... T slot mills V cutter Ripper cutter 11 11

Centre Lathe Tools Drilling tools 12 12