Tuesday 4-9-13 Do Now: What are the biggest and smallest planets? I can explain the phases of the moon.

Mercury-Venus-Earth-Mars-Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune

Mercury -58,000,000 km – 0.4 AU Venus – 108,000,000 km- .7 AU Earth – 150,000,000 km – 1.0 AU Mars – 227,000,000 – 1.5 AU Jupiter – 778,000,000 – 5.2 AU Saturn – 1,429,000,000 – 9.5 Uranus – 2,869,000 000 – 19 Neptune 4505,000,000 – 30 AU

Our Solar System Our solar system is made up of: Sun Eight planets (+moons) Asteroids, Comets, Plutoids

Inner Planets The inner four rocky planets at the center of the solar system are: Mercury Venus Earth Mars

Mercury Planet nearest the sun Covered with craters Has no moons or rings About size of Earth’s moon

Venus Sister planet to Earth Has no moons or rings Hot, thick atmosphere

Earth Third planet from sun Only planet known to have life and liquid water Atmosphere composed of composed of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), and other gases (1%).

Mars Fourth planet from sun Appears as bright reddish color in the night sky Surface features volcanoes and huge dust storms

Outer Planets The outer planets composed of gas are : Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Jupiter Largest planet in solar system Brightest planet in sky Giant red spot

Saturn 6th planet from sun Beautiful set of rings Largest moon, Titan, Voyager explored Saturn and its rings.

Uranus 7th planet from sun Covered with clouds Uranus sits on its side with the north and south poles sticking out the sides.

Neptune 8th planet from sun Triton largest moon Great Dark Spot thought to be a hole, similar to the hole in the ozone layer on Earth

Outermost Planet? Pluto Mostly ice Smaller than Moon. Never visited by spacecraft Orbits very slowly Moon, Charon, is very close to Pluto and about the same size 2006-”plutoid”

Asteroids Between Mars and Jupiter 100,000 rocky bodies Left over from the beginning of the solar system? Largest asteroids have been given names

Comets Eccentric orbit around sun Central mass covered in ice Trails icy dust

Hailey’s Comet

Asteroid belt

Kuiper belt Trillions of objects 30-50 AU from sun Icy objects Pluto is a part

Kuiper belt

Oort cloud Small icy bodies Travel past the Sun 50-100,000 AU from the sun? 2 trillion comets Small icy bodies Travel past the Sun Give off gas and dust as they pass by

Oort Cloud

Milky way 120,00 light years across 12,000 light year bulge in middle 200-400 billion stars 90% dark matter

Milky Way Interactive: http://workshop.chromeexperiments.com/stars/

Mason MS is in the Virgo Supercluster Our universe Mason MS is in the Virgo Supercluster

Gravity-Holding it all together

What happens if the mass of the center object increases or decreases? What if the distance of the orbiting object increases or decreases?

Phases of the moon

Phases of the moon

Lunar and solar eclipse

Making planets: Q.#4 Must have diagrams complete Use the balloon as a scale model for the sun (30 cm) Calculate the scaled size of all the planets and record. Use play-dough to make the planets to scale Answer: How many cm from Earth to sun?

Doing the math 30 cm = 1,390,000 km 1cm = __________km

Tomorrow Phases of the moon

Exit Write the LT in your own words. What was the most important thing you learned today? What are still the most unsure about?