Linguistics 201: Introduction to Linguistics Instructor: Steve Winters TA:Jamison Cooper-Leavitt PASS Leader:Kirsty Gruber Meets:EEEL 210 MWF 2:00-2:50.

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Presentation transcript:

Linguistics 201: Introduction to Linguistics Instructor: Steve Winters TA:Jamison Cooper-Leavitt PASS Leader:Kirsty Gruber Meets:EEEL 210 MWF 2:00-2:50

What is linguistics? Linguistics is the scientific study of language. “Science” is a fancy word for knowledge. from Latin: sciens “having knowledge” Q: What do we know about language?

Linguists know (part 1): Language is biological. Language is uniquely human. Every child acquires language. Every human society uses language for communication. All languages share certain features in common...and there are certain features not found in any language. Language forms a part of your brain.

Linguists know (part 2): Language is very complex. Every language has a system of rules for constructing syllables, words and sentences. = the “grammar” of that language “Knowing” a language means: knowing these rules This “knowledge” is mostly sub-conscious You don’t know what you know! Linguists try to figure out what these rules are.

Examples Possible English words: plab forch beeg shump staz hibber crong trab Unpossible English words: fmort glsik rmak msile vlash zpin ngotch ptud Some acceptable English sentences: 1. Who do you think Tom is shouting at? 2. Who do you think that Tom is shouting at? 3. Who do you think is shouting at Harry? An unacceptable English sentence: 4. *Who do you think that is shouting at Harry?

Our (Scientific) Method Be observant! Language is all around you. …and people use it all the time. Have an open mind. All languages are equally complex. All languages are systematic (= rule-based). (Note: Linguistics is not about learning how to “speak the right way.”) Look for generalizations. Finding general truths about language is the way we figure out what the rules of language are.

Linguists know (part 3): Language is creative. It enables you to say (and think) things that you have never heard before. “chillax” “His facebook picture makes me lulz.” “I’m going to re-message him.” “Totes!” “gifting” “That’s sick!”  Language is not just learned from the environment.  Language is (partly) innate!

Course Requirements Homeworks -- best 4 of 530% Mid-term Exam30% Final Exam30% Quick Writes10% Grades will be posted to the class website on the compass system: The syllabus, homeworks, lecture notes, handouts, quick writes, and other links will be posted to:

Why are we here?

Course Texts Required: Contemporary Linguistic Analysis, William O'Grady & John Archibald, eds. (2011), 7th ed. Also recommended: Study Guide to Contemporary Linguistic Analysis. Teresa Merrells & Anna L. Moro (2011). The text has its own website: There is also an answer key that comes along with the book. (and can be found on the website, as well)

The Future On Wednesday, we will discuss: human language and animal communication more on language “knowledge” Check out: Chapter of the textbook (available on the course website) Any questions?