Life During the War Chapter 2 Lesson 2.

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Life During the War Chapter 2 Lesson 2

Life for Soldiers Mathew Brady took pictures in camps and on the war’s many battlefields. Photographs showed the dead and wounded and brought the terrors of battle back to the public!

Life for Soldiers http://www.history.com/photos/civil-war-mathew-brady

Life for Soldiers Average age of a Civil War soldier was about 25. However, drummer boys as young as twelve years old went to the battlefield. Soldiers might march as many as 25 miles a day while carrying about 50 pounds of supplies during the heat of summer, or cold of winter.

Life for Soldiers As the war continued, volunteers for the war decreased and both sides passed draft laws. A draft requires men of a certain age to serve in the military. Both sides were unfair in this practice: A Southerner who owned 20 or more slaves could pay substitutes to take their place. In the Union, men could pay $300 to avoid fighting in the war.

Life for Soldiers

Life for Soldiers Losses on both sides were terrible! A total of 1 million Union and confederate soldiers were killed or wounded. The number 1 killer of soldiers, DISEASE. (Because no one knew about germs yet, so doctors did not know how to keep wounds from getting infected!)

The Emancipation Proclamation By 1862 and many Union losses, President Lincoln began to believe that he could save the Union only by making the Abolition of slavery a goal of the war! On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Emancipate means “ to set free.”

The Emancipation Proclamation

African Americans in the War In the beginning of the war, African Americans were not allowed to join the army. They were first allowed to join the Union army in 1862. African soldiers were not treated the same as whites. They received less pay, had to buy their uniforms. By the Wars end, nearly 200,000 black soldiers fought for the Union army.

Women and the War Women contributed to the war effort in many ways. Women ran farms and businesses. Women became teachers and office workers. Some even dressed like men to fight in the war. Women became spies, and others cared for soldiers becoming nurses.

Women and the War Clara Barton, “Angel of the Battlefield” earned the nickname as she cared for wounded soldiers. Barton later organized the American Association of the Red Cross to help victims of wars and natural disasters.

Women and the War

The War Goes On By 1863, both sides were tired of the war. Union and Confederate soldiers alike were singing a song called “When This Cruel War Is Over.” By 1863 soldiers were refusing to go to war, thousands were deserting, or leaving the army without permission.

Items to Discuss 1. What were some challenges faced by soldiers during the war? (pg89) 2. What was the result of the Emancipation Proclamation? (pg 90) 3. How did women help the war effort? (pg 92) 4. What conclusion can you draw about why African American troops fought in the Civil War? (pg 91)