Educational Module Cervical Cancer Screening

 Estimated new cases: 610  Estimated deaths: 150 Regular Pap tests combined with the HPV vaccine can prevent cervical cancer Cervical Cancer in Ontario 2013

What is The Cervix? 

 Abnormal cells on the cervix  Like all cells, cervical cells can change  Changes in cervical cells usually occur slowly, over many years  Some changes go away on their own  Some can develop into cancer (if not found and treated) What is Cervical Cancer?

 We have known for many years that finding cervical cancer early saves lives  80% reduction in mortality since 1960  Pap tests find the cancer early The Good News

A 1943 study following first Pap test in 1928, showed that:  cervical cancer could be diagnosed by a Pap test  that if found early enough, cervical cancer can be cured The Good News

 Women age 21 – 70  Who have been sexually active  Every three years The Ontario Cervical Screening Program (OCSP)

 HPV is found in both men and women  there are more than one hundred “types” of HPV divided into: ‐high-risk HPV: can cause cancer ‐low-risk HPV: causes genital warts Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

All cervical cancers are caused by HPV:  Types 16 and 18 70% 70% of cervical cancer  Types 6 and 11 90% 90% of genital warts Human Papilloma Virus (HPV )

 Very common  Can cause cancer  Transmitted skin-to-skin genital contact and/or during sexual intercourse Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

 Skin-to-skin contact, most often during penetrative genital contact (vaginal or anal sex).  Other types of genital contact  Condoms may decrease risk, but don’t eliminate risk How is HPV Spread?

 Infection can spread rapidly after onset of sexual activity: 36% 36% or more infected after 3 years How Common is HPV?

HPV vaccine AApproved for women age RRecommended for men age AAvailable to grade 8 girls at no cost through public health school program 33 doses needed Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevention and HPV Vaccines: Questions and Answers. We Can Prevent HPV Infection

 HPV vaccine prevents infection  HPV vaccine does not replace Pap tests  Pap test detects cell changes before they become cancer  Almost all cervical cancers can be prevented if cell changes are found early and treated Things to Remember…

Natural History of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer

Infection Persistent infection Low grade abnormalities High grade abnormalities Cervical cancer Return to normal Low grade abnormalities Return to normal

Infection Persistent infection Low grade abnormalities High grade abnormalities Cervical cancer Vaccine prevents Pap test detects

Questions?

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