EDIA DIVISION Titre de la présentation en Arial, 45 Alpican capacitors F.Dupré 09/11/2012

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT WHY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?  To run properly an installation needs active and reactive energy  Utilities set penalties if reactive energy used is too high (no interest for them to supply it)  This is often measured considering power factor or cos φ  Installing PFC systems allows to avoid penalties by increasing cos φ (by supplying reactive energy)  0,70,95 (Example) 2 cos φ Penalties No penalties

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT WHY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?  Example:  before power factor correction cos φ = 0,7 (100/142)  using power factor correction system provides reactive energy, expressed in kVAr, apparent energy decreases  new cos φ = 0,95 (100/105), penalties are cancelled as target cos φ is reached 3 kVA kW kVAr φ Apparent power Real power = 100 kW Reactive power Before = 142 kVA Before = 100 kVAr After = 105 kVA After = 33 kVAr Capacitance added = 67 kVAr  Power Factor Calculations Before PF = 100/142 = 0.70 or 70 % After PF = 100/105 = 0.95 or 95% Saved power 37 kVA Only without harmonics

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT FIXED AND AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS  Fixed system : for constant loads, ex: motors (20% of applications)  Reactive energy supplied is linear  Automatic system : for variable loads (80% of applications)  Reactive energy supplied varies according to the load (kW) 4 kvar

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT LOCATION OF PFC SYSTEMS

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT COMPONENTS FOR PFC SYSTEMS 6 capacitor step contactor switches the steps on/off capacitor power factor controller: monitors the steps to reach target cos φ

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPICAN  Capacitors declined in 400V, 415V, 440V and 480V (nominal voltage)  Legrand 6 digits ref no.  Powers from 5 kvar to 30 kvar  3 phase 50 Hz / 60 Hz  Life cycle up to hours  Overcurrent capability: 1.3 In  Inrush capability: up to 200 In  Conform to IEC &2 7

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT BENEFITS OF THE RANGE  Dielectric: self healing polypropylene film  In case of short circuits, the film repairs itself (to a certain limit), preventing the destruction of the capacitor  This is a first level of protection 8

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT BENEFITS OF THE RANGE  Impregnant: non PCB semi-dry resin  Reduces the risk of leaking  Reduces the risk of fire as there is no liquid inside (oil)  Vacuum technology insures perfect electrical contacts as there is no moisture inside 9

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT BENEFITS OF THE RANGE  3 pole in overpressure disconnector  Prevents the capacitor from bursting if pressure inside is too high  Special design allows smooth pressure increase and safe disconnection of fuses  “Pop up” deformation avoids brutal opening  Dedicated “cut off” zones and arc extinguisher 10

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT BENEFITS OF THE RANGE  Terminal connection  Straight forward connection  Protection against electric shocks (IP 20)  Cable cross section up to 16 mm² 11

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT BENEFITS OF THE RANGE  Discharge resistors  Discharge capacitor and prevent from electric shocks  Need to switch capacitor in automatic systems  Pre mounted, time saving for assembly  Made in ceramic:protection against electric shocks (IP 2X)  Centered position allows connection of capacitor on both sides 12

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT BENEFITS OF THE RANGE  Mounting bottom stud  The stud forms a solid permanent earthing 13

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT REFERENCE NUMBERS 14 Range 400 VRef. No. 2.5 kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr R ange 415 V Ref. No. 2.5 kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr Range 440VRef. No. 2.5 kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr Range 480 VRef. No. 5 kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr kVAr  Products stocked in Verneuil

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT DIMENSIONS OVERVIEW 15 Example for 440 V range 2.5 kVAr 6.3 kVAr 5 kVAr 7.5 kVAr 12.5 kVAr 10 kVAr 15 kVAr 25 kVAr 20 kVAr 30 kVAr mm 63.5x129 85x198 75x198 75x x154 85x273 85x348

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT COMPOSITION OF A CAPACITOR BANK  An automatic capacitor bank is made of steps with different powers expressed in kvar  Example: 100 kvar ( at 400V) cabinet made of:  Step 1: 12.5 kvar ( )  Step 2: 12.5 kvar ( )  Step 3 : 25 kvar ( )  Step 4 : 50 kvar (2x ) 16

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT PRODUCTS ASSOCIATED TO ALPICAN  Those products needed to build automatic capacitor banks can be sold together with Alpican to provide added value:  power factor controllers: select the steps in automatic systems to reach the targeted power factor  contactors: switch steps in automatic systems  detuned reactors: protect capacitors against harmonics if the network is polluted (speed variators, UPS etc..) 17 Power factor controllers CTX-C contactors Detuned reactors

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT DEFINITION OF HARMONICS  Short definition for harmonics Harmonics are current or voltage with frequencies of n x Nominal Networks frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) added to this nominal frequency They are generated by non-linear loads like electrical equipment with power electronic (converters, inverters,…) or variable impedance load using electric arcs They can be measured with THD i (current) and THD u (Voltage) values expressed in % Order 1 (50 Hz) = fondamental Order 3 (150 Hz) Order 5 (250 Hz) Order 7 (350 Hz) Order 9 (450 Hz) =

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT DETUNED REACTORS ASSOCIATED Power (kvar) 440/400V Ref. No. Reactor 189 Hz Associated capacitor Range 440V 10 kVAr/ 8 kVArSAH kVAr / 10 kVArSAH kVAr / 20 kVArSAH kVAr / 40 kVArSAH x kVAr / 60 kVArSAH x kVAr / 80 kVArSAH x  Detuned reactors are protecting capacitors against harmonic pollution of the network (expressed in THDU % and THDI %)  There are connected in series with Alpican  For general applications  Range 189 Hz/p%=7  When harmonic rank 3 is important  Range 135 Hz/p%=14 Power (kvar) 480V Ref. No. Reactor 135 Hz Associated capacitor Range 480V 12.5 kVArSAH kVArSAH kVArSAH x kVArSAH x

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT ITEM NUMBERS FOR CONTACTORS CTX-C ref. No. Up to 12.5 kvar Up to16.7 kvar Up to 20 kvar Up to 30 kvar Up to 45 kvar Up to 55 kvar  For capacitors banks without detuned reactors, contactors with series resistors have to be used (CTX-C contactors)  For capacitor banks with detuned reactors, power contactors can be used

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT ITEM NUMBERS FOR CONTROLLERS Number of controlled stepsRef. No. Up to 4Alpetc4 Up to 6Alptec6 Up to 12Alptec 12B  Controllers monitor the steps within automatic capacitor banks  Exist in 4,6 and 12 steps devices

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT  Powers of capacitor is proportional to ratio of square voltages  Ex : 30 kvar at 440V = 25 kvar at 400V, (440²/400²)*25= 30  Selection to be made according to the grid, 400V, 415 V etc..  When used with detuned reactors, voltage increases so it is necessary to upgrade the rated voltage of capacitor CHOICE OF CAPACITORS 22 Un50 Hz60 Hz 440 V30 kvar36 kvar 415 V27 kvar32 kvar 400 V25 kvar30 kvar Frequency effect : + 20 %

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT  Example  Installation with network voltage of 400V  Need for 20 kvar, no harmonic pollution, choose capacitor 400V/ 20 kvar :   Same installation but with harmonic pollution where reactors are necessary  Choose capacitor in 440V rated voltage + associated reactor: (25 kvar 440V = 20 kvar 400 V)  SAH CHOICE OF CAPACITORS 23

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT A COMPLETE RANGE OF CAPACITORS  Access range: Alpican  for all type of sites  Premium range: Alpivar²  can sometimes substitute Alpican for sites with high technical constraints (industry) 24

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT SEGMENTS 25 Industry Large commercial Small commercial  Alpican can be sold on nearly all segments in commercial and industrial areas  All installation need power factor correction systems

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT CUSTOMER TARGETS  Distributors: stock fixed capacitors, for flow business  Panel builders, generalists or specialists in PFC, they use capacitors to assemble automatic banks 26

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT ADDED VALUE IN POWER DISTRIBUTION  PFC can represent up to 10 % of added value in a power project in addition to others products: ACBs, MCCBS, transformers, busbars…  Most countries worldwide consider penalties for reactive energy, increasing need for energy will emphasis it  ROI for installations is quite fast with a maximum of around 2 years 27

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT COMPETITORS 28  International electrical distribution leaders  focus on big project  propose a complete power package including PFC  International PFC specialists  have international presence but some strong areas as per their country of origin  propose either components (capacitors) or complete systems (capacitor banks)  Locals manufacturers  only present on their domestic markets, have an aggressive price policy

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT PRICE POSITIONING Local integrators International specialists Major power distribution leaders price quality

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT TOOLS AVAILABLE  Alpican leaflet  Samples  Technical data sheets  Pricing tool 30